Chapter 14
Not only has Charles been
neglecting his practice but he is deeply in debt to Monsieur Homais for Emma's
medicine. Also, Félicité in the role of mistress of the house has been
overspending. Monsieur Lheureux is especially insistent upon being paid and at
the height of Emma's illness delivers the cloak and bags she ordered.
Eventually he convinces Charles to sign a six-month promissory note which he
compounds by loaning him one thousand francs at six percent interest due in one
year. Lheureux's fortunes are on the rise during this period and he looks
forward to sapping the Bovary's for every franc he can. Although Charles
despairs of raising so large a sum in one year's time he spends the severe
winter doting on his sick wife. Emma's recovers slowly and settles into a
monotonous routine. During the peak of her illness she sent for the priest for
Communion and experienced a splendid vision of God. She became enchanted with
religious symbols and wished for an emerald-studded reliquary. The abbé
Bournisien is pleased by her new religiosity but fears the extent of her
passion borders on heresy. He sends for an assortment of books including some
religious novels which Emma reads but finds lacking in any connection to the
passions of the real world. She comes away convinced that "hers was the most
exquisite Catholic melancholy that had ever entered an ethereal soul." She
buries Rodolphe's memory deep inside her though it affects everything she does
particularly her religious ardor. She becomes extravagantly charitable.
Charles' mother arrives for an extended visit and is pleased at the changes in
her daughter-in-law. Emma has many other visitors including the Homais
children and Justin who, watching her comb her hair one day is overcome by new and
marvelous feelings. That spring the abbé stops by every afternoon for cider
with Charles and sometimes Binet in the arbor. One day Homais proposes that
Charles take Emma to the opera in Rouen to hear the famous singer Lagardy. To
the pharmacist's surprise the abbé does not object and this sparks a heated
debate as to whether music or drama is considered more sinful by the church.
Bovary is taken with the idea of the opera and convinces Emma that they should
go. So on the appointed day they go to Rouen where Charles has arranged for a
cheap hotel. He immediately sets out to procure the tickets, becomes confused
by the arrangement of the seats and finally is so nervous about missing the
beginning that when they arrive the theater doors are not yet open.
Chapter 15
When they finally enter the
theater Emma is delighted to find they have box seats. She looks down upon the
crowd of older men discussing business and younger men dressed in the height of
fashion. The opera begins with a musical flourish and the curtain rises on a
country scene. Emma is instantly transported back to the novels she read as a
girl. The star, Edgar Lagardy, comes onto the stage and immediately captures
the hearts of the audience who are unaware that he was something of a charlatan
and self-promoter. The crowd obviously enjoys his bombastic performance.
Charles cannot follow the story and Emma, to her annoyance, must continually
explain the plot. Emma finds herself relating her own life to the story on the
stage but reminds herself that real life passions are different from those
portrayed in art. Toward the end of the first half, however, she is carried
away by Edgar's performance and longs to be with him. When the curtain falls
the odors of the theater and the stifling atmosphere suffocate her. Charles
rushes to find some beverages. When he returns, after spilling half the drink
on a woman's dress, he tells her that he has seen Monsieur Léon. Soon the
young man joins them and Emma is immediately reminded of her former passion for
the clerk. During the second half of the play she can only think of Léon and
when he suggests that they leave the theater for some fresh air she readily
assents. At an outdoor café they sit and talk but soon run out of subjects
that can be discussed in front of Charles. Charles insists that Emma stay in Rouen an extra day to see the end of the play. Léon quickly encourages her to do so but
she does not commit. Léon pays for their drinks and promises to see them soon
in Yonville.
Analysis of Chapters
14-15
In these chapters we learn
that Monsieur Lheureux is bent upon squeezing every possible franc from the
Bovary's through subtle manipulation and pretended favors. His greed knows no
bounds. As before, the abbé proves incapable of dealing with Emma's intense
emotions and cannot fathom a conception of religion that stems from passion
rather than principle. Emma's reaction to the theater proves that her
experience with Rodolphe has taught her to temper her romanticism with some
elements of realism - as when she reminds herself that art does not accurately
convey the real world - but she is eventually swept away by the force of the
performance. This momentary realization, which assault everything that she has
spent her life believing - is her first step toward death. Immediately
following the singer's powerful close to the first half the lights come on and
she is left deflated by her real surroundings but Léon returns to her life and
the theater and the play seems unimportant by comparison.
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