Chapter
I
The first chapter sets the scene in the wilderness of upper
New York in the eighteenth century, during the colonial wars
between England and France. The year is 1757, and the English
are hard pressed. In midsummer, the small English contingent
at Fort William Henry are informed by an Indian “runner”
(scout) that a large French force under Montcalm is advancing
on their position. Colonel Munro, the English commander, has
requested assistance from an English army of five thousand men
stationed less than a day’s march away, at Fort Edward,
under the command of General Webb. Fifteen hundred men depart
from Fort Edward for Fort William Henry. Munro’s two daughters,
Cora and Alice, have requested to visit their father. They are
about to depart in a small party, separate from the military
contingent. They are accompanied by the Indian scout, whose
name is Magua (who travels on foot), and a young army officer
named Major Duncan Heyward.
Chapter II
Magua is to guide the small party to Fort William Henry by a
quicker but less well known route than the one taken by the
military column. Alice does not like the look of the Indian,
but Hayward assures her he is trustworthy. The danger is that
they may be ambushed in the forest by Indians. The party is
joined by David Gamut, a singer and teacher of religious songs
from Connecticut. Cora takes a liking to him and allows him
to journey with them. David always carries his song book with
him, but when he takes it out and begins to sing, Heyward, acting
on Magua’s advice, tells David it would be dangerous for
him to continue; they need to be as quiet as possible on their
dangerous trip. A hostile Indian, undetected, watches them pass.
Analysis
The first two chapters introduce the setting, several of the
major characters and at least one of the major themes. The setting
is the wilderness, in which the natural hazards and difficulties
presented by mountains, forests and rivers combine with the
dangers that arise from the presence of hostile Indians. The
prevailing atmosphere of the novel, the immediate presence of
deadly danger, is thus established from the beginning.
The theme of Indian
savagery, which is also a constant in the novel, is introduced
in chapter I. The English colonists have suffered recent massacres
in which “the natives of the forests were the principal
and barbarous actors.” The racial stereotyping—Indians
as savages—is also apparent in the first description of
Magua, in which he is presented as “savage and repulsive”;
his eye has a quality of “native wildness” to it.
His cunning is also emphasized. Also, Cora regards him with
a mixture of admiration and horror, and in chapter II, Alice
is terrified of Magua. However, in other parts of the book,
sometimes in Hawkeye’s comments or in Cooper’s narration,
a more respectful view of Indians and their culture is expressed.
The theme of interracial
relationships is foreshadowed in Chapter II. Cora asks Heyward
whether Magua should be distrusted just because of the color
of his skin. Her remark is overheard by Magua, and he openly
admires her. This appears to be the beginning of the attraction
Magua feels for the white woman, with its disastrous consequences.
Cooper’s description
of David Gamut’s ungainly physical appearance in Chapter
I is intended to be amusing, although Cooper’s attempts
at humor are frequently heavy-handed. Later, Gamut will be the
butt for the humor of Hawkeye, the main character in the story
who is to be introduced in the next chapter.
|