Photo and Illustration Credits

The illustrations and tables featured in Computer Sciences were created by GGS Information Services. The photographs appearing in the text were reproduced by permission of the following sources:

Volume 1

Gale Research: 1; AP/Wide World Photos, Inc.: 4, 35, 39, 44, 60, 82, 91, 136, 148, 190, 209, 219; Courtesy of the Library of Congress: 6, 25, 52, 58, 83, 98, 103, 126, 150, 193, 211; Kobal Collection/Warner Bros.: 9; Kobal Collection: 11; Archive Photos/Reuters/Sell: 16; National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 19; CORBIS/Bettmann: 22, 41, 73, 86, 165, 201, 221; AT&T Archives: 28; U. S. Census Bureau: 33; Elena Rooraid/Photo Edit: 48; Photo Edit: 66; IBM Corporate Archives: 70, 163; Colin Braley/Reuters/Getty Images: 94; Adam Hart-Davis/National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 105; Michael S. Yamashita/CORBIS: 110; Reuters NewMedia Inc./CORBIS: 116; UPI/CORBIS-Bettmann: 118, 176; Associated Press/AP: 121; Doris Langley Moore Collection: 122; Astrid & Hanns-Frieder Michler/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 133; Microsoft Corporation: 139; Ted Spiegel/CORBIS: 140; Prestige/Getty Images: 143; Richard T. Nowitz/CORBIS: 146; U. S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): 152; Robert Cattan/Index Stock Imagery/PictureQuest: 156; Dave Bartruff/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 159; Courtesy Carnegie Mellon University Field Robotics Center/NASA: 172; Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS: 179, 184; Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS: 187; Granger Collection, Ltd.: 197; Larry Chan/Reuters/Getty Images: 204; Microsoft programs: 213, 214, 215, 216, 217.

Volume 2

Thomas E. Kurtz: 2; Courtesy of the Library of Congress: 4, 18, 99, 112; CORBIS/Bettmann: 13; U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): 16; Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS: 25, 92, 115, 118, 150, 179, 215; A/P Wide World Photos, Inc.: 31, 36, 40, 65, 73, 89, 110, 133, 136, 143, 161, 165, 167, 171, 199, 205, 212, 221; UPI/CORBIS-Bettmann: 34, 169, 217, 219; Courtesy of BT Archives: 46; CORBIS: 53; Andrew Syred/National Audubon Society Collection/ Photo Researchers, Inc.: 62; Richard Pasley/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 70; Bob Krist/CORBIS: 77; Patrik Giardino/CORBIS: 79; Rob Crandall/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 84; Mario Tama/Getty Images: 94; AFP/CORBIS: 98; Custom Medical Stock Photo: 140; William McCoy/Rainbow/PictureQuest: 147; Courtesy of Niklaus Wirth: 157; Reuters NewMedia Inc./CORBIS: 175; Paul Almasy/CORBIS: 188; Detlev Van Ravenswaay/Picture Press/CORBIS-Bettmann: 193; James Marshall/CORBIS: 203.

Volume 3

Bill Lai/Rainbow/PictureQuest: 2; Agricultural Research Service/USDA: 5; Carlos Lopez-Barillas/Getty Images: 8; A/P Wide World Photos, Inc.: 11, 19, 28, 39, 89, 102, 106, 111, 118, 131; Laima Druskis/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 13; Bojan Brecelj/CORBIS: 17; JLM Visuals: 23; Mediafocus: 24; Ed Kashi/Phototake NYC: 30; Reuters NewMedia Inc./CORBIS: 34; Royalty Free/CORBIS: 42; Srulik Haramaty/Phototake NYC: 46; Mark Antman/Phototake, NYC: 52; CORBIS/Bettmann: 55, 206, 211; Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS: 56; Walter A. Lyons: 60, 210; Smith & Santori/Gale Group: 62; Darren McCollester/Getty Images: 69; Richard Palsey/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 73; Ed Kashi/CORBIS: 79; Index Stock Imagery: 81; AFP/CORBIS: 85; Montes De Oca & Associates: 92; Millard Berry: 95; Courtesy of NASA/JPL/NIMA/Visible Earth: 100; Courtesy of the Library of Congress: 108, 124; Nehau Kulyk/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 116; CORBIS: 122; U.S. Department of Education/National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 125; Bob Rowan/Progressive Image/CORBIS: 133; Bill Ross/CORBIS: 137; Geoff Tompkincon/National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 141; Clive Freeman/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 143; Roger Ressmeyer/CORBIS: 150; Free Software Foundation: 157; Kenneth Eward/BioGrafx/National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 163; Steven McBride/Picturesque/PictureQuest: 168; Michael S. Yamashita/CORBIS: 175; Photo Researchers, Inc.: 178; Chris Hondros/Getty Images: 181; David Silverman/Getty Images: 183; U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): 188; Jim Sugar Photography/CORBIS: 200; Leif Skoogfors/CORBIS: 205.

Volume 4

A/P Wide World Photos, Inc.: 2, 15, 23, 29, 33, 41, 44, 59, 75, 100, 147, 151, 162, 168, 177, 180, 184, 186, 190, 195, 197, 201, 203; Gene M. Amdahl: 4; Vittoriano Rastelli/CORBIS: 7; Jim Sugar Photography/CORBIS: 10; NNS: 22; John Maher/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 26; Kenneth Eward/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 35; Steve Chenn/CORBIS: 47; Christopher Morris/Black Star Publishing/PictureQuest: 50; Jonathan Elderfield/Getty Images: 54; Courtesy of the Library of Congress: 56, 103, 163; Amy Ritterbush/Stock, Boston Inc./PictureQuest: 64; AFP/CORBIS: 66, 113, 125, 131, 134; Reuters NewMedia Inc./CORBIS: 70, 89, 108, 120, 194; Shahn Kermani/Getty Images: 76; Associated Press/AP: 78, 93, 95; Patricia Nagle/Center for Instructional Development and Distance Education/University of Pittsburgh: 85; Alec Sarkas/Center for Instructional Development and Distance Education/University of Pittsburgh: 87; Kobal Collection/MGM/UA: 106; Space Imaging: 115; Courtesy of USGS Landsat 7 Team at the Eros Data Center and NASA's Visible Earth: 116; Reuters/News and Observer-Jim/Archive Photos, Inc.: 122; Reuters/Getty Images: 128; Oleg Nikishin/Getty Images: 139; Netscape Communicator browser window (c) 1999 Netscape Communications Corporation— used with permission (Netscape Communications has not authorized, sponsored, endorsed, or approved this publication and is not responsible for its content): 155, 156, 157, 159; YBSHY/CORBIS: 165; James King-Holmes/Science Photo Library/The National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers, Inc.: 171; Carnegie Mellon University: 173; Microsoft Visual Basic program: 209, 210, 211.