Case Index

HOW TO READ A CASE CITATION

A case citation tells the reader where the decision and opinion in a case have been reported. It gives, in shorthand form, all the information necessary to find a copy of the report.

The elements of a typical citation are the volume number, the name of the reporter or of the compilation, (the series number,) the page number of the first page of the report, (the court or jurisdiction,) and the year in which the case was decided. Any information that is unnecessary or inapplicable is omitted. Thus,384 U.S. 346 (1966) is the citation to the case reported in volume 384 of the United States Reports, beginning on page 346; the case (Miranda v. Arizona) was decided in 1966 by the Supreme Court of the United States. So far, there is only one series of volumes in the United States Reports, and all cases in the United States Reports are Supreme Court cases or matters disposed of by Supreme Court Justices. And 13 N.Y. 378 (1858) is the citation to the case reported in volume 13 of the New York Reports beginning on page 378; the case (Wynehamer v. People) was decided in 1858 by the New York Court of Appeals (the highest court of New York).

Many volumes of reports, especially reports of older cases, bear the name of the reporter rather than of the jurisdiction. Some volumes of reports, especially specialized volumes, have names indicating neither the reporter nor the jurisdiction. The table that follows lists the reports in which cases cited in this Encyclopedia are to be found:

U.S.	United States Reports
Dall.	Dallas (= United States Reports, vols. 1–4)
Cranch	Cranch (= U.S. Reports vols. 5–13)
Wheat.	Wheaton (= U.S. Reports vols. 14–25)
Pet.	Peters (= U.S. Reports vols. 26–41)
How.	Howard (= U.S. Reports vols. 42–65)
Black	Black (= U.S. Reports vols. 66–67)
Wall.	Wallace (= U.S. Reports vols. 68—90)
S.Ct.	West's Supreme Court Reporter (cited only when the citation to U.S. Reports was unavailable at the time of compilation)

F.	Federal Reporter (F. 2d = Federal Reporter, 2d series)
F. Supp.	Federal Supplement
F. Cas.	Federal Cases
Ct. Cl.	U.S. Court of Claims Reports
Dane Abr.	Dane's Abridgment of American Law
Gill & J.	Gill & Johnson (Maryland)
Pick.	Pickering (= Massachusetts Reports vols. 18–41)
Metc.	Metcalf (= Massachusetts Reports vols. 42–54)
Cush.	Cushing (= Massachusetts Reports vols. 55–66)
Gray	Gray (= Massachusetts Reports vols. 67–82)
Quincy	Quincy's Reports (Massachusetts)
Hals.	Halsted's New Jersey Reports
N.J. Super.	New Jersey Superior Court Reports
Abb. Prac.	Abbott's New York Practice Reports
Hill	Hill's New York Reports
Johns.	Johnson's New York Reports
Johns. Cas.	Johnson's New York Cases
N.Y.S.	New York Supplement (N.Y.S. 2d = N.Y. Supplement, 2d series)
Martin	Martin's North Carolina Reports
Serg. & R.	Sergeant & Rawles's Pennsylvania Reports
Whart.	Wharton's Pennsylvania Reports
Bay	Bay's South Carolina Reports
P.	West's Pacific Reporter (P. 2d = Pacific Reporter, 2d series)
State Abbreviations	Reports of the state's highest court
A.C.	Appeal Cases (English)
E.R.	East's King's Bench Reports (English)
Eng. Rep.	English Reports
How. St. Tr.	Howell's State Trials (English)
Mod.	Modern English Cases

Numbers in boldface refer to the main entry on the subject.

A

Abbate v. United States [359 U.S. 187 (1959)], 164

Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner [387 U.S. 136 (1967)],2279

Abington School District v. Schempp [374 U.S. 203 (1963)], 1, 167, 421, 855, 859, 1206, 1585, 1602, 2176–2177, 2322, 2370, 2372, 2541, 2833, 2856

Ableman v. Booth [21 How. 506 (1859)], 1–2, 4, 341, 409, 430,1160, 1248, 2432, 2650, 2654

Abood v. Detroit Board of Education [431 U.S. 209 (1977)], 4, 1552, 1553

Abrams v. United States [250 U.S. 616 (1919)], 15–17, 328,422, 426, 1046, 1127, 1135, 1264, 1296, 1298, 1299, 1300, 1670–1671, 1983, 1990, 2077, 2318, 2319, 2352, 2353, 2580, 2841, 2901, 2902, 2929

Adair v. United States [208 U.S. 161 (1908)], 25–26, 684, 838,920, 1115, 1162, 1163, 1175, 1268, 1547, 1572, 1642, 1709, 1911, 2278, 2571, 2744, 2896, 2897, 293

Adams v. New York [192 U.S. 585 (1904)], 2334

Adams v. Storey [1 F. Cas. 141, No. 66 (C.C.D. N.Y. 1817)],1635

Adams v. Tanner [244 U.S. 590 (1917)], 32

Adams v. Williams [407 U.S. 143 (1972)], 120, 2552

Adamson v. California [332 U.S. 46 (1947)], 33, 186, 187, 814, 815, 816, 830, 1008, 1086, 1102, 1231, 1233, 1267, 1271, 1355, 1665, 1769, 1896, 2037, 2293, 2302, 2744, 2796

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña [505 U.S. 200 (1995)], 33–34, 57, 58, 401, 432, 469, 623, 917, 1845, 2108, 2169, 2456, 2538

Adderley v. Florida [385 U.S. 39 (1966)], 34, 816, 1082, 1213,2855

Addington v. Texas [441 U.S. 418 (1979)], 1718, 1884, 2060

Addyston Pipe & Steel Co. v. United States [175 U.S. 211(1899)], 106, 429, 1162, 1711

Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. [348 U.S. 144 (1970)], 444–445

Adkins v. Children's Hospital [261 U.S. 525 (1923)], 15, 35–36, 263, 284, 743, 797, 838, 845, 1115, 1313, 1699, 1710, 1715, 1760, 1761, 1764, 1869, 2281, 2310, 2509, 2529, 2544, 2571, 2626, 2635, 2639, 2752, 2878, 2882, 2921

Adler v. Board of Education of City of New York [342 U.S. 485(1952)], 22, 36, 1536, 2794

Aetna Life Insurance Co. v. Haworth [300 U.S. 227 (1937)], 51,2831

Aetna Life Insurance Co. v. Kennedy [301 U.S. 389 (1937)],2831

Afroyim v. Rusk [387 U.S. 253 (1967)], 59, 367, 957, 1077

Agins v. Tiburon [447 U.S. 255 (1980)], 889, 2510

Agnello v. United States [269 U.S. 20 (1925)], 61, 355, 2343

Agostini v. Felton [521 U.S. 203 (1997)], 61, 202, 1209, 1604,1846, 2179, 2426

Aguilar v. Felton [473 U.S. 402 (1985)], 61, 63, 202, 1209,1603, 1842, 2375, 2378

Aguilar v. Texas [378 U.S. 108 (1964)], 63–64, 1327, 1368,2024, 2330–2331, 2469

Agurs, United States v. [427 U.S. 97 (1976)], 793, 972, 2004

Ah Sin v. Wittman [198 U.S. 500 (1905)], 2088

Air Pollution Variance Board of Colorado v. Western AlfalfaCorp. [416 U.S. 861 (1974)], 902

Ake v. Oklahoma [470 U.S. 68 (1985)], 64, 1680, 1719, 2045

Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health [462 U.S. 416 (1983)], 10, 192, 1175, 1841, 1843, 1870, 2206, 2207, 2208

Alabama Public Service Commission v. Southern Railway [341U.S. 341 (1951)], 19

Alabama v. King & Boozer [314 U.S. 1 (1941)], 1384

Alabama v. White [496 U.S. 325 (1990)], 1096

A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp v. United States. See Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States

Alaska, United States v. [521 U.S. 1 (1997)], 1840

Alberts v. California [354 U.S. 476 (1957)], 1538, 1837, 2296

Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board [382 U.S. 70(1965)], 64, 1335, 1385, 2578, 2581

Alden v. Maine [119 S.Ct. 2240 (1999)], 625, 777, 881, 904,2169, 2459

Alderman v. United States [394 U.S. 165 (1969)], 64–65, 1083,1857, 2335

Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education [396 U.S. 19(1669)], 65, 69, 773, 2854

Alexander v. United States [509 U.S. 544 (1993)], 985

Alfred Dunhill of London, Inc. v. Republic of Cuba [425 U.S.682 (1976)], 25

A.L.I.V.E., State v. See State v. A.L.I.V.E.

Allegheny Pittsburgh Coal Co. v. County Commission ofWebster County [488 U.S. 336 (1989)], 428–429, 840

Allen v. Alabama State Board of Education (1999) [164 F. 3d1347 (11th Cir. 1999)], 57

Allen v. Illinois [478 U.S. 364 (1986)], 1720, 2373

Allen v. McCurry [449 U.S. 90 (1980)], 193

Allen v. State Board of Elections [393 U.S. 544 (1969)], 2812

Allen v. Wright [468 U.S. 737 (1984)], 70, 122, 1844, 2473,2532

Allenberg Cotton Co. v. Pittman [419 U.S. 20 (1974)], 2517

Allen-Bradley Company v. Local Union #3 [325 U.S. 797(1945)], 70, 107, 1545

Allgeyer v. Louisiana [165 U.S. 578 (1897)], 32, 70, 241, 844–845, 1115, 1175, 1499, 1890, 2243, 2571

Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus [438 U.S. 234 (1978)],70–71, 677, 678, 1836

Allstate Insurance Co. v. Hague [450 U.S. 971 (1981)], 357,358, 960

Almeida-Sanchez v. United States [413 U.S. 266 (1973)], 71, 209

Alvarez-Machain, United States v. [504 U.S. 655 (1992)], 71–72

Amalgamated Food Employees Union v. Logan Valley Plaza[391 U.S. 308 (1968)], 1676, 1677, 1907, 2414, 2415, 2487

Ambach v. Norwick [441 U.S. 68 (1979)], 66, 72, 858, 2583

Amerada Hess Corp. v. Director, New Jersey Division ofTaxation [490 U.S. 66 (1989)], 83, 2516

American Banana Co. v. United Fruit Co. [213 U.S. 347(1909)], 958, 959

American Booksellers Assn., Inc. v. Hudnut [475 U.S. 1001(1986)], 1054, 1057, 1967–1968

American Civil Liberties Union v. Reno. See Reno v. ACLU

American Communications Association v. Douds [339 U.S. 382(1950)], 79, 187, 279, 1108, 1241, 2642, 2792, 2794

American Federation of Labor v. American Sash & Door Co.[335 U.S. 538 (1949)], 1458

American Insurance Company v. Canter [26 U.S. (I Pet.) 511 (1828)], 83, 563, 568, 569, 1019, 1589–1590, 1612, 1644, 1686, 2671, 2673

American Party of Texas v. White [415 U.S. 767 (1974)], 1942

American Power & Light Co. v. Securities and ExchangeCommission [329 U.S. 90 (1947)], 1768, 1796, 2079–2080

American Publishing Company v. Fisher [166 U.S. 464 (1897)],1517

American Steel Foundries v. Tri-City Labor Council [257 U.S.184 (1921)], 2638

American Tobacco Co., United States v. [221 U.S. 106 (1911)],455–456, 749, 1030, 1165, 2298, 2472, 2898, 2904

Amistad, The [40 U.S. (15 Pet.) 518 (1841)], 2555, 2654

Anderson, United States v. [17 U.S.C.M.A. 588, 38 C.M.R. 386(1968), 2505

Anderson v. Celebrezze [460 U.S. 780 (1983)], 158, 1942

Anderson v. Dunn [19 U.S. 204 (1821)], 1433, 1589

Anderson v. Laird [446 F. 2d 283 (D.C. Cir. 1971)], 2186

Anderson v. Liberty Lobby [477 U.S. 242 (1986)], 1609

Anderson v. Mt. Clemens Pottery Co. [328 U.S. 680 (1946)],967

Andrews v. Ballard [498 F. Supp. 1038 (S.D. Tex. 1980)],2328

Antelope, The [23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 66 (1825)], 334

Anthony, United States v. [24 F. Cas. 833 (C.C. N.Y. 1877)(No., 14, 460)], 360, 361

Anthony v. County of Sacramento [898 F. Supp. 1435 (E. D. Cal. 1995)], 2092

Apex Hosiery Company v. Leader [310 U.S. 469 (1940)], 107

Apodaca v. Oregon [406 U.S. 404 (1972)], 264, 830, 1434–1435, 1510, 1517, 1518

Appalachian Electric Power Co., United States v. [311 U.S. 377(1940)], 107, 2866

Aptheker v. Secretary of State [378 U.S. 500 (1959)], 116, 187,1200, 1400, 1868, 1950, 2276, 2574, 2854

Archibald Freeland v. Heron, Lenox and Company [11 U.S.147 (1812)], 832

Argersinger v. Hamlin [407 U.S. 25 (1972)], 23, 116, 971, 1745,2262

Arguello v. United States [444 U.S. 860 (1855)], 2653

Arizona v. Evans [514 U.S. 1 (1995)], 2169

Arizona v. Fulminante [499 U.S. 279 (1991)], 1271, 2455

Arizona v. Hicks [480 U.S. 321 (1987)], 1913, 1914

Arizona v. Mauro [481 U.S. 520 (1987)], 1743, 2240

Arizona v. Robertson [486 U.S. 675 (1988)], 1743, 1744

Arizona v. Rumsey [467 U.S. 203 (1984)], 1869

Arizona v. Youngblood [488 U.S. 51 (1988)], 2032

Arizona Governing Committee v. Norris [463 U.S. 1073(1983)], 2393

Arizonans for Official English v. Arizona [520 U.S. 43 (1997)],20, 1197, 1759, 1848

Arkansas v. Sanders [442 U.S. 753 (1979)], 2332

Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes [523U.S. 666 (1998)], 470

Arkansas Writers' Project, Inc. v. Ragland [481 U.S. 221(1987)], 1055

Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing DevelopmentCorporation [429 U.S. 252 (1977)], 96, 116, 1586, 1593, 1875, 2107, 2220, 2862, 2945, 2947

Armour & Co. v. Wantock [323 U.S. 126 (1944)], 967

Armstrong, United States v. [517 U.S. 456 (1996)], 2058, 2059,2088

Arnett v. Kennedy [416 U.S. 134 (1974)], 118–119, 184, 898,1205, 2025, 2027, 2033, 2158

Arnold, Schwinn & Co., United States v. [388 U.S. 365 (1967)],2542

Arredondo, United States v. [31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 691 (1832)], 156

Ash, United States v. [413 U.S. 300 (1973)], 127, 962, 2264

Ashcraft v. Tennessee [320 U.S. 728 (1944)], 1924

Ashton v. Cameron County Water Improvement District [298U.S. 513 (1937)], 127–128, 161, 1767

Ashwander v. Tennessee Valley Authority [297 U.S. 288(1936)], 128, 142, 220, 1444, 1714, 2543, 2667, 2780

Associated Press v. NLRB [301 U.S. 103 (1937)], 921, 2819–2821

Associated Press v. Walker [388 U.S. 130 (1967)], 1805, 2709,2855

Association of Data Processing Service Organizations v. Camp[397 U.S. 150 (1970)], 2474

Atascadero State Hospital v. Scanlon [473 U.S. 234 (1985)],133, 193

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co., United States v.[233 U.S. 173 (1914)], 749, 1642, 1666

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. Robinson [219U.S. 219 (1914)], 1642

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad v. Riverside Mills [219 U.S. 186(1911)], 2899

Atlas Roofing Co. v. Occupational Safety and Health Administration [430 U.S. 442 (1976)], 902, 2729

Atlee v. Laird [347 F. Supp. 689 (E.D. Pa 1972)], 2790

Attorney General of New York v. Soto-Lopez [476 U.S. 898(1986)], 137, 914, 2277, 2305

Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce [494 U.S. 652(1990)], 139–140, 296, 688, 691, 1237, 2535

Austin v. United States [509 U.S. 602 (1993)], 985

Avery v. Midland County [390 U.S. 474 (1968)], 142, 2890,2892

Ayers, In re [123 U.S. 443 (1887)], 877

B

Babbitt v. United Farm Workers [442 U.S. 289 (1979)], 1867

Badham v. Eu [694 F. Supp. 664 (N.D. Cal. 1988)], 1189

Baehr v. Lewin [852 P. 2d 44 (Haw. 1993)], 147, 2307, 2309

Baehr v. Miike [910 P. 2d 112 (Haw. 1996)], 2309

Baggett v. Bullitt [377 U.S. 360 (1964)], 1867, 2776

Bailey, United States v. [444 U.S. 394 (1980)], 193, 194

Bailey v. Alabama [219 U.S. 219 (1911)], 151, 1310, 1897,2900

Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. [259 U.S. 20 (1922)], 151–152, 349, 350, 1261, 1585, 1704, 1779, 2452, 2635, 2660

Bailey v. Richardson [341 U.S. 918 (1951)], 279, 946, 2792,2794

Bajakajian, United States v. [524 U.S. 321 (1998)], 985, 2056

Baker v. Carr [369 U.S. 186 (1962)], 152–153, 229, 233, 237,440, 500, 659, 869, 871, 1042, 1188, 1203, 1227, 1239, 1476, 1477, 1486, 1488, 1579, 1612, 1949, 1950, 1951–1952, 1953, 1987, 2131, 2132, 2133, 2138, 2202, 2210, 2227–2228, 2228, 2383, 2450, 2594, 2765, 2810, 2849, 2854, 2856, 2857, 2858, 2881

Bakery Drivers Local v. Wohl [315 U.S. 769 (1942)], 1550

Baldwin v. Fish & Game Commission [436 U.S. 371 (1978)],157, 2020

Baldwin v. Franks [120 U.S. 678 (1887)], 1024

Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc. [294 U.S. 511 (1935)], 314, 1864,2514, 2523

Baldwin v. New York [399 U.S. 66 (1970)], 157, 1516, 1745,2729

Ball, State v. See State v. Ball

Ball v. United States [470 U.S. 856 (1985)], 2158

Ballard, United States v. [322 U.S. 78 (1944)], 734, 1047, 2172,2190

Ballew v. Georgia [435 U.S. 223 (1978)], 157–158, 264, 1516,1517, 1518, 2441, 2727

Baltimore and Carolina Line v. Redman [295 U.S. 654 (1935)],2728

Baltimore City Department of Social Services v. Bouknight[493 U.S. 549 (1990)], 2241

Balzac v. Porto Rico [258 U.S. 398 (1922)], 1376, 2080, 2672

Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino [376 U.S. 398 (1964)],25, 1077, 1390, 1468

Bancroft, United States v. [260 U.S. 706 (1922)], 2505

Bank of Augusta v. Earle [38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 519 (1839)], 156,325, 1710, 2648, 2653

Bank of Nova Scotia v. United States [487 U.S. 250 (1988)],1223

Bank of United States v. Deveaux [9 U.S. (5 Cranch) 61(1809)], 1705, 2653

Bank of United States v. Planters' Bank of Georgia [22 U.S. (9Wheat.) 904 (1824)], 25

Bantam Books, Inc. v. Sullivan [372 U.S. 58 (1963)], 161–162

Barber v. Page [390 U.S. 719 (1968)], 933

Barbier v. Connolly [113 U.S. 27 (1885)], 2508

Barclay v. Florida [463 U.S. 939 (1983)], 303

Barefoot v. Estelle [463 U.S. 880 (1983)], 162

Barenblatt v. United States [360 U.S. 109 (1959)], 155, 162–163, 187, 188, 421, 1193, 1241, 1305, 1595, 1596, 2772, 2867

Barker v. Hardway [394 U.S. 905 (1969)], 1082

Barker v. Wingo [407 U.S. 514 (1972)], 163, 2465–2467

Barnard v. Thorstenn [489 U.S. 546 (1989)], 1530

Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc. [501 U.S. 560 (1991)], 1830, 1832

Barr v. Matteo [360 U.S. 546 (1959)], 943

Barron v. Baltimore [32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 243 (1833)], 119, 178,722, 888, 1086, 1090, 1353, 1354, 1356, 1462, 1809, 2217, 2426, 2497, 2508, 2570

Barron v. Burnside [121 U.S. 186 (1887)], 585

Barron v. City of Baltimore [32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 243 (1833)], 163

Barrows v. Jackson [346 U.S. 249 (1953)], 163–164, 2223

Barsky v. Board of Regents [347 U.S. 442 (1954)], 231, 234

Bartels v. Iowa [262 U.S. 404 (1923)], 315

Bartkus v. Illinois [359 U.S. 121 (1959)], 164, 808

Bas v. Tingy [4 U.S. 322 (4 Dall. 37) (1800)], 549, 1756, 2505

Bassett v. Mayhew [137 U.S. 496 (1890)], 1889

Bates v. Little Rock [361 U.S. 516 (1960)], 1193, 1773

Bates v. State Bar of Arizona [433 U.S. 350 (1977)], 165, 190,193, 1109, 1868

Batson v. Kentucky [476 U.S. 79 (1986)], 165, 195, 1510, 1511,1514, 1680, 1898–1899, 2088, 2106, 2170, 2490, 2627, 2891

Bauman v. Ross [167 U.S. 348 (1897)], 1519

Bayard v. Singleton [1 Martin 42 (North Carolina, 1787)], 165–166, 541, 1756, 2462

Beacon Theatres, Inc. v. Westover [359 U.S. 500 (1958)], 166, 2388, 2726, 2730

Beal v. Doe [432 U.S. 438 (1977)], 194, 1665, 2205

Beauharnais v. Illinois [343 U.S. 250 (1952)], 167, 187, 815, 1130, 1235–1236, 1411, 1837, 1966, 2145, 2795

Beazell v. Ohio [269 U.S. 167 (1925)], 958

Beck v. Ohio [479 U.S. 89 (1964)], 2023, 2330

Bedford Cut Stone Co. v. Journeymen Stonecutters Association [273 U.S. 37 (1927)], 107, 167–168, 831, 2638

Behrens v. Pelletier [516 U.S. 299 (1996)], 1336

Beilan v. Board of Education [357 U.S. 599 (1958)], 2903

Bekins, United States v. [304 U.S. 37 (1938)], 128, 161, 1767

Bell v. Hood [327 U.S. 678 (1946)], 1344

Bell v. Maryland [378 U.S. 226 (1964)], 168, 816, 2420, 2486

Bell v. Wolfish [441 U.S. 520 (1979)], 205, 729, 2005, 2244

Belle Terre (Village of) v. Boraas [416 U.S. 1 (1974)], 973, 1123–1124, 1757, 2574

Bellotti v. Baird [443 U.S. 622 (1979)], 6, 2208

Belmont, United States v. [301 U.S. 324 (1937)], 168, 737, 942, 951, 1073, 1390, 1909–1910, 1997

Benanti v. United States [355 U.S. 96 (1955)], 873, 1774

Bender v. Williamsport [475 U.S. 534 (1986)], 168–169, 906

Bendix Autolite Corp. v. Midwesco Enterprises, Inc. [486 U.S. 888 (1988)], 2517

Bennett, United States v. [24 F. Cas. 1093, No. 14, 571 (C.C.D. N.Y. 1879)], 2748

Bennis v. Michigan [517 U.S. 1163 (1996)], 2056

Benton v. Maryland [395 U.S. 784 (1969)], 169–170, 722, 808, 1355, 1676, 1875, 2039, 2856

Berea College v. Kentucky [211 U.S. 45 (1908)], 170, 1168, 1890

Berger v. New York [388 U.S. 41 (1967)], 170, 187, 873, 874, 971, 1296, 1527

Berman v. Parker [348 U.S. 26 (1954)], 889, 2076, 2079, 2506

Bethel School District v. Fraser [478 U.S. 675 (1986)], 170, 351, 381, 860, 1134, 1281, 2535

Betts v. Brady [316 U.S. 455 (1942)], 170, 186, 280, 1102, 1193–1194, 1462, 1869, 2039, 2261, 2263, 2265, 2282, 2796

Bibb v. Navajo Freight Lines, Inc. [359 U.S. 520 (1959)], 171, 2514

Bigelow v. Virginia [421 U.S. 809 (1975)], 190, 193

Bishop v. Wood [426 U.S. 341 (1976)], 119, 184, 1888, 2026, 2029

Bishop Processing Company v. Gardner [275 F. Supp. 780 (1968)], 900

Biswell, United States v. [404 U.S. 983 (1972)], 44

Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics [403 U.S. 388 (1971)], 185, 192, 238, 652, 653, 739, 740, 741, 748, 979, 1218, 1344, 2708

Blackburn v. Alabama [361 U.S. 199 (1960)], 1923

Blackmer v. United States [284 U.S. 421 (1932)], 1765

Blanchette v. Connecticut General Insurance Corps. [419 U.S. 102 (1974)], 420

Bland, United States v. [283 U.S. 636 (1931)], 1198

Block v. Community Nutrition Institute [464 U.S. 991 (1984)], 1218

Block v. Hirsh [256 U.S. 135 (1921)], 2896

Blockburger v. United States [284 U.S. 299 (1932)], 809, 811, 982, 983, 985

Bloom v. Illinois [391 U.S. 194 (1968)], 435, 2729

Blum v. Bacon [457 U.S. 132 (1982)], 2587–2588

Blum v. Yaretsky [454 U.S. 815 (1982)], 200, 2492

Blyew v. United States [80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 581 (1872)], 200–201, 403, 2424, 2564

BMW of North America v. Gore [517 U.S. 559 (1996)], 2055, 2056, 2083

Board of Curators v. Horowitz [435 U.S. 78 (1978)], 201, 856

Board of Directors of Rotary International v. Rotary Club of Duarte [481 U.S. 537 (1987)], 1110, 1237, 2017, 2398

Board of Education v. Allen [392 U.S. 236 (1968)], 201–202, 348, 349, 1206, 1601, 2373, 2468, 2751–2752, 2856

Board of Education v. Nyquist [413 U.S. 757 (1973)], 349

Board of Education v. Pico [457 U.S. 853(1982)], 21, 202, 235, 351, 860, 1137, 1216

Board of Education v. Rowley [458 U.S. 176 (1982)], 860

Board of Education of Kiryas Joel Village School District v. Grumet [512 U.S. 687 (1994)], 202, 927, 1604, 1783, 2179, 2195, 2456

Board of Education of Oklahoma City Public Schools v. Dowell [498 U.S. 237 (1991)], 859

Board of Education of the Westside Community Schools v. Mergens [496 U.S. 226 (1990)], 203, 906, 1207, 1602, 2178, 2185, 2323

Board of Estimate of the City of New York v. Morris [489 U.S. 688 (1989)], 2890

Board of Public Utilities Commissioners v. Ynchausti [251 U.S. 401 (1920)], 1376

Board of Regents v. Roth [408 U.S. 564 (1972)], 203, 897, 1678, 2026, 2053, 2054, 2880

Board of Regents v. Tomanio [444 U.S. 939 (1980)], 2227

Board of Trade v. Olsen [262 U.S. 1 (1922)], 2416

Board of Trustees of State University of New York v. Fox [492 U.S. (1989)], 203–204, 462

Bob Jones University v. United States [461 U.S. 574 (1983)], 97, 204, 1237, 2017

Bob-Lo Excursion Co. v. Michigan [333 U.S. 28 (1948)], 204, 2795

Boddie v. Connecticut [401 U.S. 371 (1971)], 23, 204, 799, 1121, 1269, 1362, 2869, 2877

Boehner v. Anderson [809 F. Supp. 138 (D.D.C. 1992)], 2743

Boerne (City of) v. Flores [521 U.S. 507 (1997)], 625, 991, 992, 1092, 1531, 1824, 1845, 2169, 2182, 2195, 2456, 2504

Bogan v. Scott-Harris [523 U.S. 44 (1998)], 1335

Bolger v. Youngs Drug Product Corporation [463 U.S. 60 (1983)], 2206

Bolling v. Sharpe [347 U.S. 497 (1954)], 53, 179, 206–207, 253, 388, 912, 1172, 1265, 2015, 2099, 2408

Bollman, Ex parte, v. Swartwout [8 U.S. (4 Cranch) 75 (1807)], 207, 278, 1246, 2716

Bollman et al., United States v. [5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 373 (1807)], 705, 2284

Bolton v. Harris [395 F. 2d 642 (1968)], 1718, 1719

Bonaparte v. Camden & A. R. Co. [3 F. Cas. 821, No. 1, 617 (C.C.D. N.J. 1830)], 360

Bond v. Floyd [385 U.S. 116 (1966)], 2582, 2850

Bonham's Case [8 Coke 113b (English) (1610)], 207–208, 439, 512, 1286, 1473, 1865, 1866, 1888–1889

Bonitz v. Fair [804 F. 2d 164 (1st Cir. 1986)], 205

Booth v. Maryland [482 U.S. 496 (1987)], 208–209, 1889, 2369

Borden Milk Co. v. Barella [325 U.S. 679 (1945)], 1539

Bose Corporation v. Consumers Union of the United States, Inc. [466 U.S. 485 (1984)], 1377, 1805, 2709–2710

Boston Beer Co. v. Massachusetts [97 U.S. 25 (1878)], 211–212, 1350, 1829, 2507

Boston Firefighters Union, Local 718 v. Boston Chapter, NAACP [468 U.S. 1206 (1983)], 1760

Boston Stock Exchange v. State Tax Commission [429 U.S. 318 (1977)], 2521

Boston Water Power Co. v. Boston & Worcester Railroad [23 Pick. 360 (Mass. 1839)], 889

Bounds v. Smith [430 U.S. 817 (1977)], 23, 212

Bourjaily v. United States [483 U.S. 171 (1987)], 492

Bouvia v. Superior Court [179 Cal. App. 3d 1127 (1986)], 2269

Bowen v. Gilliard [483 U.S. 587 (1987)], 2876

Bowen v. Kendrick [487 U.S. 589 (1988)], 212–213, 924, 925, 1207, 1208, 1843, 2378–2379

Bowen v. Owens [476 U.S. 340 (1986)], 2397

Bowen v. Roy [486 U.S. 693 (1986)], 2380

Bowers v. Hardwick [478 U.S. 186 (1986)], 192, 213, 381, 400, 700, 1813, 1831, 1979, 2162, 2247, 2287, 2308, 2401, 2403, 2404, 2405, 2575–2576, 2577, 2891–2892, 2893

Bowie v. City of Columbia [378 U.S. 374 (1964)], 2223

Bowles v. Willingham [321 U.S. 503 (1944)], 886, 887, 2841

Bowlin v. Commonwealth [2 Bush 5 (Ky.) (1867)], 403

Bowman v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway [125 U.S. 465 (1888)], 213–214, 1266, 1698

Bowman v. Iowa [62 N.W. 729 (Iowa 1895)], 1168

Bowsher v. Synar [478 U.S. 714 (1986)], 214, 269, 621, 762, 949, 1454, 2536, 2889

Boyd v. Nebraska ex rel. Thayer [143 U.S. 135 (1892)], 1785

Boyd v. United States [116 U.S. 616 (1886)], 215–216, 218, 2141, 2236, 2334, 2339, 2340, 2767, 2872

Boynton v. Virginia [364 U.S. 454 (1960)], 136

Braden v. United States [365 U.S. 431 (1961)], 187, 1305

Bradfield v. Roberts [175 U.S. 291 (1899)], 348, 2371

Bradley v. Fisher [80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 335 (1872)], 1453

Bradwell v. Illinois [83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 130 (1873)], 218, 218, 342, 1185, 1199, 2392, 2612, 2920

Brady v. Maryland [373 U.S. 83 (1963)], 720, 793, 2004

Brady v. United States [397 U.S. 742 (1970)], 2367, 2831, 2891

Bram v. United States [168 U.S. 532 (1897)], 1923, 2237

Branch v. Texas [408 U.S. 238 (1972)], 309–310

Brandenburg v. Ohio [395 U.S. 444 (1969)], 225–226, 238, 427, 709, 724, 769, 770, 815, 1056, 1109, 1127, 1129, 1135, 1154, 1264, 1353, 1871, 1966, 2353, 2454, 2582, 2854, 2902

Brandon v. Guilderland [635 F. 2d 971 (2d Cir. 1980)], 906

Branti v. Finkel [445 U.S. 507 (1980)], 226, 892, 1886, 1939, 2535

Branzburg v. Hayes [408 U.S. 665 (1972)], 226–227, 271, 1143, 1145, 1215, 1976, 2199–2200, 2413, 2890, 2892

Brass v. North Dakota ex rel. Stoeser [153 U.S. 391 (1894)], 2414

Braswell v. United States [487 U.S. 99 (1988)], 227, 2241

Braunfeld v. Brown [366 U.S. 599 (1961)], 2191, 2412, 2584

Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic [506 U.S. 263 (1993)], 227, 2399–2400

Bread v. Alexandria [341 U.S. 622 (1951)], 461, 2795

Breard v. Greene [523 U.S. 371 (1998)], 71, 1081, 1390

Breed v. Jones [421 U.S. 519 (1975)], 1184, 1523

Breedlove v. Suttles [302 U.S. 277 (1937)], 228, 284, 1271, 1961, 2808

Breen v. Selective Service Local Board [396 U.S. 460 (1970)], 2790–2791

Breithaupt v. Abram [352 U.S. 432 (1957)], 229

Brewer v. Hoxie School District [238 F. 2d 91 (1956)], 2488

Brewer v. Williams [430 U.S. 378 (1977)], 242, 1922, 1929, 2238, 2264

Brewster v. United States [408 U.S. 501 (1972)], 242, 501, 2464

Bridges v. California [309 U.S. 649 (1941)], 187, 244, 426, 1102, 1149, 2076

Briggs v. Elliott [349 U.S. 294 (1954)], 748

Briggs v. McKellar [2 Abb. Prac. 30 (1855)], 1594

Bright, United States v. [24 F. Cas. 1232, No. 14642 (C.C.D. Pa. 1809)], 2859

Brignoni-Ponce, United States v. [422 U.S. 873 (1975)], 209

Brinegar v. United States [338 U.S. 160 (1949)], 244, 721, 1410, 2330

Briscoe v. Bank of Commonwealth of Kentucky [36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 257 (1837)], 162, 244–245, 1686, 1712, 2556–2557, 2648, 2651

Broadrick v. Oklahoma [413 U.S. 601 (1973)], 250–251, 1275, 1802, 1868, 2776–2777, 2887

Brock v. Roadway Express, Inc. [481 U.S. 252 (1987)], 2033

Brockett v. Spokane Arcades, Inc. [472 U.S. 491 (1985)], 251, 1867, 1968

Brolan v. United States [236 U.S. 216 (1915)], 1081

Bronson v. Kinzie [42 U.S. (1 How.) 311 (1843)], 251–252, 677, 1301, 2648, 2653

Bronson v. Rodes [74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 229 (1869)], 1753

Brooks v. United States [267 U.S. 432 (1925)], 1262

Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia [377 U.S. 1 (1964)], 1109

Broussard v. Patton [410 U.S. 942 (1972)], 2505

Brower v. County of Inyo [489 U.S. 543 (1989)], 2338

Brown, United States v. (1965), 174, 1561

Brown v. Allen [344 U.S. 443 (1953)], 253, 1245, 1250, 1253, 1255

Brown v. Board of Education [347 U.S. 483 (1954); 349 U.S. 294 (1955)], 5, 6, 15, 53, 69, 83, 88, 136, 153, 155, 206, 207, 210, 225, 229, 232, 237, 253–256, 273, 277, 280, 352, 375, 376, 380, 383, 388, 389, 390, 391, 394, 395, 396, 399, 411, 497, 510, 607, 630, 658, 664, 683, 700, 701, 725, 748, 771, 772, 774, 801, 818, 859, 863, 909–910, 991, 1002, 1008, 1025, 1042, 1086, 1229, 1265, 1267, 1373, 1393, 1449, 1458, 1485, 1488, 1528, 1579, 1615, 1631, 1645, 1676, 1678, 1740, 1744, 1748–1749, 1774, 1792, 1822, 1860, 1870, 1915, 1918, 1950, 1987, 2062, 2078, 2094, 2098, 2099, 2100, 2108, 2109, 2145, 2157, 2159, 2219, 2228, 2253, 2282, 2293, 2309–2310, 2320, 2321, 2355, 2369–2370, 2403, 2420, 2438, 2441, 2443, 2444, 2446, 2458, 2485–2486, 2594, 2608, 2610, 2615, 2677, 2696, 2713–2714, 2738, 2764, 2796, 2809–2810, 2814, 2849, 2852, 2853, 2855, 2857, 2858, 2879

Brown v. Glines [444 U.S. 348 (1980)], 117

Brown v. Louisiana [383 U.S. 131 (1966)], 1082, 2855

Brown v. Maryland [25 U.S. (12 Wheat.) 419 (1827)], 256, 341, 832, 1348, 1612, 1686, 1864, 2521, 2523, 2697–2698, 2908, 2923

Brown v. Mississippi [297 U.S. 278 (1936)], 256, 329, 1741, 1923, 1924, 2038, 2087, 2238, 2594

Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee [459 U.S. 87 (1982)], 257, 295, 2535

Brown v. Texas [443 U.S. 47 (1979)], 826, 1913, 2023

Brown v. United States [12 U.S. (8 Cranch) 100 (1814)], 2554

Brown v. United States [381 U.S. 437 (1965)], 257, 1648, 2005

Brown v. Walker [161 U.S. 591 (1896)], 252, 257, 1334, 2236, 2414, 2747

Browning-Ferris Industries of Vermont Inc. v. Kelco Disposal Inc. [492 U.S. 257 (1989)], 2081–2082, 2710

Bruton v. United States [391 U.S. 123 (1968)], 480–481, 492, 933

Bryant v. Zimmerman [278 U.S. 63 (1928)], 1109

Buchanan v. Angelone [522 U.S. 269 (1998)], 306

Buchanan v. Warley [245 U.S. 60 (1917)], 259, 388, 909, 2219, 2222, 2354, 2484, 2900

Buck v. Bell [274 U.S. 200 (1927)], 259, 284, 789, 791–792, 840, 909, 973, 1296, 1298, 1720–1721, 2528

Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation [525 U.S. 182 (1999)], 788, 1372

Buckley v. Fitzsimmons [509 U.S. 259 (1993)], 654, 1335

Buckley v. Valeo [424 U.S. 1 (1976)], 76, 91, 139–140, 155, 238, 257, 260, 274, 295, 296, 297, 298, 369, 872, 987, 1047, 1060, 1108, 1130, 1131–1132, 1216, 1275, 1827, 1932–1933, 1937, 1938, 1941, 1942, 2007, 2052, 2154, 2214, 2278, 2384, 2469, 2594, 2659, 2880, 2887, 2889, 2893

Buckley II. See Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation

Budd v. New York [143 U.S. 517 (1892)], 199, 241, 1166, 1227

Budd v. State [117 N.Y. 621 (1889)], 1288

Bullington v. Missouri [451 U.S. 430 (1981)], 302, 810, 812

Bunting v. Oregon [243 U.S. 426 (1917)], 35, 36, 263, 421, 838, 845, 1639, 1699, 1764, 2572, 2635, 2881, 2896, 2900

Burbank v. Lockheed Air Terminal [411 U.S. 624 (1973)], 263, 901

Burch v. Louisiana [441 U.S. 130 (1979)], 264, 1517, 1518, 2727

Burdick v. Takushi [504 U.S. 428 (1992)], 264–265

Burford v. Sun Oil Company [319 U.S. 315 (1943)], 19, 20

Burlington (City of) v. Dague [505 U.S. 557 (1992)], 414

Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth [524 U.S. 742 (1998)], 2400

Burnet v. Coronado Oil & Gas Co. [285 U.S. 393 (1932)], 1869, 1987

Burnham v. Superior Court of California [495 U.S. 604 (1990)], 2162, 2163

Burns Baking Co. v. Bryan [264 U.S. 504 (1924)], 278, 2445

Burns v. Fortson [410 U.S. 686 (1973)], 831, 2275

Burns v. Ohio [360 U.S. 252 (1950)], 2262

Burns v. Reed (1991), 654, 1335

Burr, United States v. [4 Cranch 469 (1807)], 433, 953, 1488, 1673

Burr v. Duryee [68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 578 (1864)], 1230

Burroughs v. United States [290 U.S. 534 (1934)], 1941, 2007

Burson v. Freeman [504 U.S. 191 (1992)], 278–279

Burstyn, Inc., v. Wilson [343 U.S. 495 (1952)], 198, 279, 1147, 2189, 2794

Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority [365 U.S. 715 (1961)], 200, 280, 420, 1411, 1758, 2486, 2492, 2854

Bush v. Kentucky [107 U.S. 110 (1883)], 1038, 2828

Bush v. Lucas [462 U.S. 367 (1983)], 653, 740, 1344

Bush v. Vera [517 U.S. 952 (1996)], 2137, 2159

Bushell's Case [6 How. St. Tr. 999 (English) (1670)], 282–283, 1512, 1892, 1894

Busher, United States v. [817 F. 2d 1409 (9th Cir. 1987)], 983

Butcher's Union Slaughterhouse v. Crescent City Slaughterhouse [111 U.S. 746 (1884)], 283, 2924

Bute v. Illinois [333 U.S. 640 (1948)], 280, 2261

Butler, United States v. [297 U.S. 1 (1936)], 62, 152, 284–285, 457, 458, 486–487, 1186, 1284, 1313, 1715, 1780, 1797, 2281, 2288, 2468, 2540, 2544, 2545, 2561, 2659, 2681, 2820, 2858, 2882

Butler v. McKellar [494 U.S. 407 (1990)], 2156

Butler v. Michigan [352 U.S. 380 (1957)], 285, 351

Butler v. Perry [240 U.S. 328 (1916)], 506

Butler v. United States [297 U.S. 1 (1936)], 697

Butterworth v. Smith [494 U.S. 624 (1990)], 1223

Butz v. Economou [438 U.S. 478 (1978)], 185, 285, 944, 1335

Byars v. United States [273 U.S. 28 (1925)], 2416

Byers v. Edmondson [712 So.2d 681 (1998)], 1154

C

C & A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown [511 U.S. 383 (1994)], 1010, 2518, 2864

Caban v. Mohammed [441 U.S. 380 (1979)], 973, 2395

Cabell v. Chávez-Salido [454 U.S. 432 (1982)], 66, 194, 368, 1331

Cadman, State v. See State v. Cadman

Calandra, United States v. [414 U.S. 338 (1974)], 290, 938, 1362, 1667, 2044, 2335

Calder v. Bull [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 386 (1798)], 290, 337, 376, 561, 842, 844, 958, 1174, 1286–1287, 1404, 1883, 2209, 2225, 2424, 2570, 2603, 2649, 2783

Caldwell v. Jennison [Mass., unreported (1781)], 467, 1623

Calhoun v. Cook [332 F. Supp. 804 (1975)], 773–774

Califano v. Aznavorian [439 U.S. 170 (1978)], 2276

Califano v. Gautier Torres [435 U.S. 1 (1978)], 2080

Califano v. Goldfarb [430 U.S. 199 (1977)], 293, 2392, 2393, 2399, 2445, 2881

Califano v. Jobst [429 U.S. 1089 (1977)], 1671–1672

Califano v. Webster [430 U.S. 313 (1977)], 293, 2392, 2399

Califano v. Westcott [443 U.S. 76 (1979)], 293–294, 2391

California, Legislature of the State of v. Eu [816 P. 2d 1309 (Cal. 1991)], 2671

California, United States v. [297 U.S. 175 (1936)], 1211

California, United States v. [332 U.S. 19 (1947)], 1840

California, United States v. [381 U.S. 139 (1965)], 1840

California v. Acevedo [500 U.S. 565 (1991)], 2169

California v. Ciraolo [476 U.S. 207 (1986)], 712, 1093, 2140, 2141, 2337, 2342

California v. Green [399 U.S. 149 (1970)], 933

California v. Greenwood [486 U.S. 35 (1988)], 294, 1093, 2337

California v. Hodari [499 U.S. 621 (1991)], 2455

California v. LaRue [409 U.S. 109 (1972)], 1830, 2741

California v. Prysock [452 U.S. 355 (1981)], 2044

California v. Ramos [463 U.S. 992 (1983)], 303

California v. Thompson [312 U.S. 672 (1941)], 792

California v. Zook [336 U.S. 725 (1949)], 1988

California Federal Savings & Loan v. Guerra [479 U.S. 272 (1987)], 1844, 2397, 2399

California Medical Association v. FEC [453 U.S. 182 (1981)], 1933

Callins v. Collins [510 U.S. 1141 (1994)], 196, 306, 733

Calvin's Case [2 How. St. Tr. 559 (English) (1608)], 294, 363, 1227

Camara v. Municipal Court [387 U.S. 523 (1967)], 42, 43, 44, 294, 1095, 2331, 2333, 2336, 2341, 2767, 2891

Caminetti v. United States [242 U.S. 470 (1917)], 1294, 1396, 1777

Camps Newfound/Owatonna, Inc. v. Town of Harrison, Maine [520 U.S. 564 (1997)], 806, 2494–2495, 2524

Cannon v. University of Chicago [441 U.S. 677(1979)], 853, 1975, 2706

Canton (City of) v. Harris [485 U.S. 933 (1989)], 2158

Cantwell v. Connecticut [310 U.S. 296 (1940)], 179, 299, 734, 894, 1107, 1317, 2174, 2185, 2186, 2188, 2189, 2198

Canty v. Alabama [309 U.S. 629 (1940)], 1924

Capital Punishment Cases of 1972. See Furman v. Georgia; Jackson v. Georgia; Branch v. Texas

Capital Punishment Cases of 1976. See Green v. Oklahoma; Gregg v. Georgia; Jurek v. Texas; Proffitt v. Florida; Roberts v. Louisiana; Woodson v. North Carolina

Capitol Square Review and Advisory Board v. Pinette [515 U.S. 753 (1995)], 312–313, 2173, 2194

Caplin & Drysdale, Chartered v. United States [491 U.S. 617 (1989)], 983, 2043, 2112

Carey v. Board of Education [598 F. 2d 535 (1979)], 860, 2206

Carey v. Piphus [435 U.S. 247 (1978)], 739, 2350

Carey v. Population Services International [431 U.S. 678 (1977)], 182, 316–317, 1118, 1234, 1672, 2204, 2208, 2242, 2573

Carleson v. Remillard [406 U.S. 598 (1972)], 2877

Carlson v. Green [442 U.S. 940 (1980)], 185, 739, 740, 1344

Carlson v. Landon [342 U.S. 524 (1952)], 149, 150, 187, 2005

Carolene Products Company, United States v. [304 U.S. 144 (1938)], 317–318, 382, 383, 793, 794, 838, 845, 910, 1050, 1101, 1116, 1177, 1237, 1263, 1288, 1311, 1381, 1447, 1810, 1814, 1957–1958, 1990, 2121–2122, 2293, 2302, 2471, 2545, 2549, 2572, 2575, 2576, 2624

Carpenters & Joiners Union, Local No. 213 et al. v. Ritter's Cafe et al. [314 U.S. 595 (1942)], 1550, 1555

Carrington v. Bash [380 U.S. 89 (1965)], 2542

Carroll v. President and Commissioners of Princess Anne [393 U.S. 175 (1968)], 319

Carroll v. United States [267 U.S. 132 (1925)], 244, 319–320, 956, 1714, 2332, 2340, 2767

Carter v. Carter Coal Co. [298 U.S. 238 (1936)], 184, 314, 321, 457, 458, 459, 737, 743, 744, 1313, 1547, 1715, 1760, 1778, 2281, 2388–2389, 2415, 2543, 2560, 2820–2821

Carter v. Jury Commission of Greene County [396 U.S. 320 (1970)], 1510, 2728

Carter v. Texas [177 U.S. 442 (1900)], 1510

Carter v. West Feliciana Parish School Board [396 U.S. 290 (1970)], 773

Castanada v. Partida [430 U.S. 482 (1977)], 794, 2441

Causby v. United States [328 U.S. 256 (1946)], 2643

Central Greyhound Lines v. Mealey [334 U.S. 653 (1948)], 2494

Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service

Commission of New York [447 U.S. 557 (1980)], 190, 203, 204, 327, 461, 462, 463–464, 1969, 2351, 2801

Central Pacific Railroad Co. v. Gallatin [99 U.S. 727 (1879)], 2419–2420

Central Transportation Co. v. New York City [438 U.S. 104 (1978)], 2646

Cervantes v. United States [57 U.S. (16 How.) 619 (1854)], 2653

Chadwick, United States v. [433 U.S. 1 (1977)], 2332, 2344

Chae Chan Ping v. United States [130 U.S. 581 (1889)], 128–129, 130, 328, 356, 1071, 1163, 1328, 1329, 1330, 2801

Chamberlain v. Chandler [5 F. Cas. 413, No. 2, 575 (C.C.D. Ma. 1823)], 360

Chambers v. Florida [309 U.S. 227 (1940)], 185–186, 329, 383, 1924, 2238

Chambers v. Maroney [399 U.S. 42 (1970)], 329–330, 2332

Chambers v. Mississippi [405 U.S. 1205 (1973)], 480, 933–934, 1976

Champion v. Ames [188 U.S. 321 (1903)], 241, 330, 350, 586, 804, 821, 1161, 1244, 1261, 1290, 1294, 1666, 1704, 1709, 1777, 1830, 1890, 2414, 2583, 2895

Champion and Dickason v. Casey [Cir.Ct., Rhode Island (1792)], 330, 2602

Chandler v. Florida [449 U.S. 560 (1981)], 330, 972, 1143, 1151, 1152

Chandler v. Miller [620 U.S. 305 (1997)], 330–331, 824, 827

Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire [315 U.S. 568 (1942)], 331, 1042, 1056, 1128, 1141, 1769, 1808, 1838, 2189, 2744–2745, 2855

Chapman, In re [166 U.S. 661 (1897)], 1594, 1981

Chapman v. California [386 U.S. 18 (1967)], 260, 1107, 1109, 1237, 1270, 2045

Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization [441 U.S. 600 (1979)], 2227, 2889

Chapman v. United States [365 U.S. 610 (1961)], 2344

Chappell v. Wallace [462 U.S. 296 (1983)], 653

Charles River Bridge Company v. Warren Bridge Company [36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 420 (1837)], 162, 325, 331–334, 675, 1000, 1300, 1686, 2059, 2556, 2647–2648, 2648, 2650, 2653, 2698, 2783, 2883

Charlton v. Kelly [229 U.S. 447 (1913)], 1950

Chemical Waste Management, Inc. v. Hunt [504 U.S. 334 (1992)], 2864

Cherokee Indian Cases [5 Peters 1 (1831), 6 Peters 515 (1832)], 80, 343–345

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia [5 Pet. 1 (1831)], 81, 343–345, 1535, 2698

Chevron USA Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council [467 U.S. 837 (1984)], 269, 1599

Chicago v. Morales [527 U.S. 41 (1999)], 345

Chicago and Alton Railroad v. Tranbarger [238 U.S. 67 (1915)], 1350

Chicago and Southern Air Lines v. Waterman S. S. Corp. [333 U.S. 103 (1948)], 951

Chicago Board of Trade v. Olsen [262 U.S. 1(1923)], 456

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Chicago [166 U.S. 226 (1897)], 178, 345–346, 1267, 2079

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Illinois ex rel. Drainage Commissioners [200 U.S. 561 (1906)], 2508

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Iowa [94 U.S. 155 (1877)], 1224–1225

Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Co. v. Ackley [94 U.S. 179 (1877)], 1224–1225

Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. v. Minnesota [134 U.S. 418 (1890)], 199, 217, 240–241, 322, 346, 970, 1166, 1227, 1559, 1572, 1734

Chimel v. California [395 U.S. 752 (1969)], 355, 2333, 2344, 2766, 2845

Chisholm v. Georgia [2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 419 (1793)], 198, 356, 497, 673, 876, 877, 878, 879, 1217, 1404, 1418, 1467, 1673, 1863, 2440, 2459, 2603, 2609, 2910

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints v. United States [136 U.S. 1 (1890)], 218, 358–359, 734, 1961

Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah [508 U.S. 520 (1993)], 359, 2181, 2194, 2456

Cicenia v. La Gay [357 U.S. 504 (1959)], 2263

Cipriano v. Houma [395 U.S. 701 (1966)], 1542

Citizens Against Rent Control v. Berkeley [454 U.S. 290 (1981)], 295, 1933

City Council of Los Angeles v. Taxpayers for Vincent [466 U.S. 789 (1984)], 369

City of … See name inverted, e.g., Canton (City of) v. Harris Civil Rights Cases [109 U.S. 3 (1883)], 201, 217, 375, 389, 401, 403, 408–410, 479, 527, 709, 909, 1038, 1089, 1166, 1168, 1240, 1267, 1293, 1437, 1459, 1698, 1919, 2217, 2354, 2483, 2485, 2486, 2487, 2491, 2676, 2693, 2823, 2828

Civil Service Commission v. National Association of Letter Carriers. See United States Civil Service Commission v. National Association of Letter Carriers

Clark v. Barnard [108 U.S. 436 (1883)], 1468

Clark v. Jeter [486 U.S. 456 (1988)], 400, 915, 1824

Clark v. Nash [198 U.S. 361 (1905)], 1890, 2079

Clark Distilling Co. v. Western Maryland Railway Co. [242 U.S. 311 (1917)], 421, 2870

Clarke v. Harwood [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 342 (1797)], 2602

Classic, United States v. [313 U.S. 299 (1941)], 410, 423, 1025, 1042, 1796, 1797, 1940, 1941, 2007, 2282, 2329, 2436, 2550

Cleburne (City of) v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. [473 U.S. 432 (1985)], 428–429, 790, 792, 857, 914, 1382, 1721, 2061, 2122, 2287, 2397, 2405, 2533, 2945

Clements v. Logan [455 U.S. 942 (1981)], 347

Cleveland v. United States [329 U.S. 14 (1946)], 1961

Cleveland Board of Education v. LaFleur [414 U.S. 632 (1974)], 430, 1120, 1122, 1405, 1565, 2155, 2394

Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill [467 U.S. 1204 (1985)], 492, 898, 2033

Clinton v. City of New York [524 U.S. 417 (1998)], 243, 626, 1627, 2169, 2386

Clinton v. Jones [520 U.S. 681 (1997)], 243, 432, 433–434, 625, 954, 1335, 1342, 1994, 2169, 2386, 2537

Clinton v. Virginia [377 U.S. 158 (1964)], 1850

Clyatt v. United States [197 U.S. 207 (1905)], 1897

Coates v. Cincinnati [402 U.S. 611 (1971)], 2776

Cochran v. Louisiana [281 U.S. 370 (1930)], 349, 434–435

Codispoti v. Pennsylvania [418 U.S. 506 (1974)], 435

Coffin v. Reichard [142 F. 2d 443 (6th Cir. 1944)], 2012

Cohen v. California [403 U.S. 15 (1971)], 192, 313, 331, 435–436, 1042, 1269, 1808, 1846, 1966, 2631, 2790

Cohen v. Cowles Media Co. [501 U.S. 663 (1991)], 436, 1377, 1438

Cohen Grocery Co., United States v. [255 U.S. 81 (1921)], 1605, 2841, 2927

Cohens v. Virginia [6 Wheat. 265 (1821)], 162, 436–439, 556, 741, 878, 1191, 1250, 1469, 1477, 1496, 1674, 1683, 1690, 1910, 2280, 2554, 2555, 2590–2591, 2616, 2654

Coker v. Georgia [433 U.S. 584 (1977)], 302, 440, 2368, 2888, 2891

Colautti v. Franklin [439 U.S. 379 (1979)], 1916, 2207

Cole v. Richardson [405 U.S. 676 (1972)], 1648

Cole v. Young [351 U.S. 536 (1956)], 946

Colegrove v. Battin [413 U.S. 149 (1973)], 1950, 1951, 2388, 2727

Colegrove v. Green [328 U.S. 549 (1946)], 152, 186, 233, 237, 440–441, 500, 870, 1203, 1852–1853, 2132, 2133, 2202, 2765, 2849

Coleman v. Miller [307 U.S. 433 (1939)], 73, 74, 349, 441, 2117

Colgate v. Harvey [296 U.S. 404 (1935)], 441, 1655, 2626

Colgrove v. Battin [413 U.S. 149 (1973)], 1516, 1517

Collector v. Day [78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 113 (1871)], 218, 340, 442, 580, 999, 1037, 1226, 1319, 1383, 1384, 2544

College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board [527 U.S. 666 (1999)], 625, 880, 881

Colliflower v. Garland [342 F. 2d 369 (9th Cir. 1965)], 82

Collins v. City of Harker Heights [503 U.S. 115 (1992)], 442

Collins v. Hardyman [341 U.S. 651 (1948)], 96, 1230, 1410, 2485

Colonnade Catering Corporation v. United States [396 U.S. 814 (1970)], 44

Colorado v. Barrett [479 U.S. 523 (1987)], 2240

Colorado v. Connelly [479 U.S. 157 (1986)], 444, 1743, 1930, 2240

Colorado v. Spring [479 U.S. 564 (1987)], 1743, 1930–1931, 2240

Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. Federal Election Commission [518 U.S. 604 (1996)], 297, 1938

Colorado River Water Conservation District v. United States [424 U.S. 800 (1976)], 18

Columbia (City of) v. Omni Outdoor Advertising, Inc. [499 U.S. 365 (1991)], 2558

Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Davis [510 U.S. 1315 (1994)], 1378

Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Democratic National Committee [412 U.S. 94 (1973)], 271, 445, 1628

Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission [453 U.S. 367 (1981)], 247, 445–446

Columbus Board of Education v. Penick [443 U.S. 449 (1979)], 446–447, 759, 2320, 2890

Commercial National Bank of Cleveland v. Iola [154 U.S. 617 (1873)], 783

Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Glenshaw Glass Co. [348 U.S. 426 (1955)], 2421

Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Nyquist [413 U.S. 757 (1973)], 464, 2187, 2321, 2375–2376, 2738–2739

Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan [444 U.S. 646 (1980)], 464–465, 1207, 2371, 2375

Commodity Future Trading Commission v. Schor [478 U.S. 833 (1986)], 949, 1827

Common Cause v. Schmitt [512 F. Supp. 489 (1982)], 295

Commonwealth v. Alger [7 Cush. 53 (Mass. 1851)], 562, 2506, 2648

Commonwealth v. Aves [18 Pick. 193 (Mass. 1836)], 466–467, 560, 819

Commonwealth v. Blackington [24 Pick. 352 (Mass. 1837)], 2507

Commonwealth v. Caton [4 Call. Reports (Va., 1782)], 198, 467, 541, 1891–1892, 2500, 2935

Commonwealth v. Griffin [2 Pick. 11 (Mass. 1823)], 1159

Commonwealth v. Hunt [4 Metc. 111 (Mass. 1842)], 561, 708, 1546–1547

Commonwealth v. Jennison [Mass., unreported (1783)], 467, 737

Commonwealth v. Kneeland [20 Pick. 206 (Mass. 1838)], 198

Commonwealth v. Moffett [383 Mass. 201 (1981)], 2263

Commonwealth v. Sacco and Vanzetti [255 Mass. 369 (1921)], 467–468, 921, 1101

Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana [453 U.S. 927 (1981)], 455, 1565

Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb [414 U.S. 441 (1974)], 871, 2582

Communist Party of the United States v. Subversive Activities Control Board [367 U.S. 1 (1961)], 472, 2581

Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder [456 U.S. 1001 (1982)], 363

Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady [430 U.S. 274 (1977)], 194, 806, 2494, 2522

Connally v. General Construction Co. [269 U.S. 385 (1926)], 2774, 2775

Connally v. Georgia [429 U.S. 245 (1977)], 2332

Connecticut v. Doehr [501 U.S. 1 (1991)], 2035

Connecticut v. Menillo [423 U.S. 245 (1975)], 2206

Connecticut Board of Pardons v. Dumschat [452 U.S. 458 (1981)], 2366

Connell Construction Co. v. Plumbers & Steam Fitters Local [100 421 U.S. 616 (1975)], 1545, 1546

Connick v. Myers [461 U.S. 138 (1983)], 892, 1677

Consolidated Edison Co. v. NLRB [305 U.S. 197 (1938)], 2821

Consolidated Edison Co. v. Public Service Commission [447 U.S. 530 (1980)], 1237

Constantine, United States v. [296 U.S. 287 (1935)], 2658, 2660

Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co. v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co. [294 U.S. 648 (1935)], 161

Continental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania, Inc. [433 U.S. 36 (1977)], 2542

Cook v. United States [288 U.S. 102 (1933)], 2722

Cooley v. Board of Wardens of Philadelphia [53 U.S. (12 How.) 299 (1851)], 455, 681–682, 735, 742, 807, 844, 1162, 1712, 1739, 1904, 2356, 2512–2513, 2566, 2593, 2649, 2652, 2654, 2817, 2867, 2871, 2908

Coolidge, United States v. [14 U.S. (I Wheat.) 415 (1816)], 981

Coolidge v. New Hampshire [403 U.S. 443 (1971)], 187, 682–683, 1913, 1914, 2332, 2345, 2541, 2680

Cooper v. Aaron [358 U.S. 1 (1958)], 237, 607, 667, 683, 772, 1458, 1475, 1488, 1583, 1822, 1824, 1915, 2078, 2298, 2853–2854

Coppage v. Kansas [236 U.S. 1 (1915)], 684–685, 749, 838, 1115, 1309, 1547, 1699, 1911, 2278, 2571, 2896, 2900, 2939

Corbin's Case [S.Ct., New Hampshire (1891)], 802

Cordwainers Cases [Phila. Mayor's Ct. (1806); New York (1810)], 561, 1546

Corfield v. Coryell [6 F. Cas. 546 No. 3, 230 (1823)], 360, 686, 842, 1172, 2019, 2021, 2274, 2424

Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund [473 U.S. 788 (1985)], 686–687, 1237, 1899

Cornell Steamboat Co. v. United States [321 U.S. 634 (1944)], 1103

Coronado Coal Company v. United Mine Workers [268 U.S. 295 (1925)], 107, 2756–2757

Corporation of Presiding Bishop of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints v. Amos [483 U.S. 327 (1987)], 924, 2175, 2193, 2195, 2380

Corrigan v. Buckley [271 U.S. 323 (1926)], 403, 693, 2222, 2410, 2642

Cortez, United States v. [449 U.S. 411 (1981)], 2552

Costello v. United States [350 U.S. 359 (1956)], 1222, 1361, 1362

Costello v. Wainwright [397 F. Supp. 20 (M.D. Florida, 1975)], 2012

Cotting v. Kansas City Stockyards Co. [183 U.S. 79 (1901)], 52

Counselman v. Hitchcock [142 U.S. 547 (1892)], 64, 257, 694–695, 1334, 1526, 2232, 2236

County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union [492 U.S. 573 (1989)], 203, 695, 924, 925, 1054–1055, 1530, 1602, 1843, 1846, 2166, 2196, 2197, 2379

County of Sacramento v. Lewis [523 U.S. 833 (1998)], 711, 1932, 2456

County of Washington v. Gunther [452 U.S. 161 (1981)], 474

Cousins v. Wigoda [419 U.S. 477 (1975)], 1942–1943, 2007

Cox v. Louisiana [379 U.S. 536 (1965)], 188, 371, 702, 1200, 1922, 2855

Cox v. New Hampshire [312 U.S. 569 (1941)], 373, 702, 1082, 2189, 2198

Cox Broadcasting Co. v. Cohn [420 U.S. 469 (1975)], 702–703, 2014

Coy v. Iowa [487 U.S. 1012 (1988)], 491, 703, 1844

Coyle v. Smith [221 U.S. 559 (1911)], 703

Craig v. Boren [429 U.S. 190 (1976)], 229, 233, 238, 293, 400, 704, 857, 915, 917, 1157, 1196, 1746, 1902, 2392, 2399, 2530, 2533, 2538, 2881, 2921

Craig v. Harney [331 U.S. 367 (1947)], 1149, 1150

Craig v. Missouri [29 U.S. (4 Peters) 410 (1830)], 174, 704, 1686, 1712, 2648, 2651

Cramer v. United States [325 U.S. 1 (1945)], 705, 1279, 1282, 2551, 2716–2718, 2931

Cramp v. Board of Public Instruction [368 U.S. 278 (1961)], 2776

Crandall v. Nevada [73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 35 (1868)], 341, 630

Crane v. Kentucky [476 U.S. 683 (1986)], 2043

Crawford v. Los Angeles Board of Education [458 U.S. 527 (1982)], 122, 706, 774, 786

Crawford-El v. Britton [523 U.S. 574 (1998)], 653

Crews, United States v. [445 U.S. 463 (1980)], 1158

Crist v. Bretz [137 U.S. 28 (1978)], 808

Crooker v. California [357 U.S. 433 (1958)], 2263

Crosby, United States v. [11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 115 (1871)], 361

Crowell v. Benson [285 U.S. 22 (1932)], 41, 1481

Crowley v. United States [187 U.S. 651 (1903)], 1376

Cruikshank, United States v. [92 U.S. 542 (1876)], 95, 217, 403, 430, 580, 733, 1024, 1035, 1037–1038, 1041, 1070, 1106, 1125, 1240, 1272, 1319, 1432, 1733, 2485, 2822–2823, 2826–2827, 2924, 2938

Cruz v. Beto [405 U.S. 319 (1972)], 2190

Cruz v. New York [481 U.S. 186 (1987)], 492

Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health [497 U.S. 261 (1990)], 790, 1884–1885, 1915, 2163, 2246, 2267–2268, 2268–2269, 2269, 2314, 2532, 2577–2578

CTS Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of America [481 U.S. 69 (1987)], 805, 2516–2517

Cummings v. Board of Education [175 U.S. 528 (1899)], 1168

Cummings v. Missouri [71 U.S. (4 How.) 277 (1867)], 257, 339, 1035

Curtis v. Loether [415 U.S. 189 (1974)], 2729–2730

Curtis Publishing Company v. Butts [388 U.S. 130 (1967)], 1607–1608, 2067, 2709, 2855

Curtiss-Wright Export Corporation, United States v. [299 U.S. 304 (1936)], 600, 736–737, 761, 951, 959, 1071–1072, 1328, 1344, 1904, 1997, 2289, 2385, 2627, 2843

D

Dairy Queen, Inc. v. Wood [369 U.S. 469 (1962)], 739, 2388, 2730

Dakota Central Telephone Co. v. South Dakota [250 U.S. 163 (1919)], 2927

Dames & Moore v. Regan [453 U.S. 654 (1981)], 615, 741, 887, 942, 951, 1076, 1992, 1998

Dandridge v. Williams [397 U.S. 471 (1970)], 377, 741–742, 1120, 1677, 1973, 2310, 2870, 2873, 2874, 2876, 2879–2880

Daniel v. Waters [515 F. 2d 485 (6th Cir. 1975)], 2327

Daniel Ball, The [27 U.S. (10 Wall.) 557 (1871)], 340, 1467

Daniels v. Williams [474 U.S. 327 (1986)], 2032, 2035

Darby Lumber Co., United States v. [312 U.S. 100 (1941)], 349, 458, 460, 524, 598, 684, 693, 743–744, 846, 966, 1011, 1012, 1262, 1548, 1700, 1778, 1796, 1822, 1830, 2046, 2293, 2566, 2668, 2821, 2903

Darnel's Case (Five Knights Case) [3 How. St. Tr. 1 (English) (1627)], 148, 1246, 1903

Dartmouth College v. Woodward [17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 518 (1819)], 162, 362, 555, 673, 674–675, 681, 690, 692, 744–746, 802, 832, 1673, 1686, 1910, 2218, 2556, 2611, 2653, 2704, 2783, 2859, 2871, 2885, 2913, 2922

Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. [509 U.S. 579 (1993)], 58, 243

Davidson v. New Orleans [96 U.S. 97 (1878)], 217, 1732, 1733, 1749

Davis v. Alaska [415 U.S. 308 (1974)], 480, 491

Davis v. Bandemer [478 U.S. 109 (1986)], 868, 871, 1188–1189, 1952, 2137, 2535

Davis v. Beason [133 U.S. 333 (1890)], 748, 1961, 2173, 2186

Davis v. Board of School Commissioners [402 U.S. 33 (1971)], 2627

Davis v. Massachusetts [167 U.S. 43 (1897)], 1212

Davis v. Michigan Department of Treasury [489 U.S. 803 (1989)], 1384, 2533

Davis v. Mississippi [394 U.S. 721 (1969)], 235

Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education [526 U.S. 629 (1999)], 2400

Davis v. North Carolina [384 U.S. 737 (1966)], 2438

Davis v. Passman [442 U.S. 228 (1979)], 185, 739, 740, 748, 1344

Davis v. United States [512 U.S. 452 (1994)], 1931

Day-Brite Lighting, Inc. v. Missouri [342 U.S. 421 (1952)], 1700

Dayton Board of Education v. Brinkman [433 U.S. 406 (1977) and 443 U.S. 526 (1979)], 446–447, 759

Dayton-Goose Creek Railroad Co. v. United States [263 U.S. 456 (1924)], 750, 922, 2415

Dean Milk Company v. Madison [340 U.S. 349 (1951)], 420, 750, 1228, 1573, 2514

DeBartolo Corp. v. Florida Gulf Coast Building Trades [485 U.S. 568 (1988)], 1553

Debs, In re [158 U.S. 564 (1895)], 241, 430, 448, 583, 750–751, 751, 947, 1164, 1168, 1409, 1851, 2591, 2735, 2894, 2901

Debs v. United States [249 U.S. 211 (1919)], 751, 923, 1299–1300, 2580

De Chastellux v. Fairchild [15 Penn. State 18 (1850)], 833, 1192

Decoster, United States v. [487 F. 2d 1197 (1979)], 2265

DeFunis v. Odegaard [416 U.S. 312 (1974)], 54, 759–760, 1759, 1760, 2104, 2146

DeGeofroy v. Riggs [133 U.S. 258 (1890)], 2722

Degraffenreid v. General Motors Assembly Division [413 F. Supp. 142 (E.D. Mo. 1976)], 2089–2090, 2091

DeGregory v. New Hampshire Attorney General [383 U.S. 825 (1966)], 1596

De Jonge v. Oregon [299 U.S. 353 (1937)], 724, 760, 1107, 1149, 1241, 1311, 2594

Delaware v. Fensterer [474 U.S. 15 (1985)], 492

Delaware v. New York [385 U.S. 895 (1966)], 867, 1765

Delaware v. Prouse [440 U.S. 648 (1979)], 120, 140, 2331

Delaware v. Van Arsdall [475 U.S. 673 (1986)], 491

Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Co. v. Yurkonis [238 U.S. 439 (1915)], 749

Delaware Tribal Business Committee v. Weeks [430 U.S. 73 (1977)], 80, 81, 2536

DeLima v. Bidwell [182 U.S. 1 (1901)], 1376

Dellinger, United States v. [472 F. 2d 340 (1972)], 709

Dellums v. Bush [752 F. Supp. 1141 (1990)], 2843

De Lovio v. Boit [7 F. Cas. 418, No. 3, 776 (C.C.D. Ma. 1815)], 360

Democratic Party v. LaFollette [448 U.S. 909 (1981)], 1942–1943, 2007

Dennis, United States v. [183 F. 2d 201 (1950)], 225, 226, 1264, 2761

Dennis v. United States [341 U.S. 494 (1951)], 68, 146, 155, 187, 279, 427, 428, 709, 769–770, 1055, 1127, 1135, 1198, 1353, 1411, 1789, 1955, 2249, 2546, 2581, 2582, 2745, 2761, 2792, 2793, 2938

Dent v. West Virginia [129 U.S. 114 (1889)], 2829

Denver Area Education Telecommunications Consortium v. FCC [518 U.S. 727 (1996)], 243, 249

Department of Agriculture v. Moreno [413 U.S. 528 (1973)], 770, 1123, 2287

Department of Agriculture v. Murry [413 U.S. 508 (1973)], 770

Department of Commerce v. Montana [503 U.S. 442 (1992)], 326

Department of Commerce v. United States House of Representatives [525 U.S. 316 (1999)], 326

Department of Justice v. Reporters' Committee for Freedom of the Press [489 U.S. 749 (1989)], 482

Department of Revenue of Montana v. Kurth Ranch [511 U.S. 767 (1994)], 811, 2660

Department of Revenue of Washington v. Association of Washington Stevedoring Companies [434 U.S. 815 (1978)], 194, 1348, 2522

Derby v. Blake [2 Dane Abr. 649 (Mass. 1799)], 673

DeShaney v. Winnebago County Department of Social Services [489 U.S. 189 (1989)], 195, 774–775, 1529, 2164, 2576

Desist v. United States [394 U.S. 244 (1969)], 1083

Desmond, United States v. [670 F. 2d 414 (3d Cir. 1982)], 1513

DeSylva v. Ballentine [351 U.S. 570 (1956)], 978

DeWitt, United States v. [76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 41 (1869)], 335, 340

Diamond v. Chakrabarty [447 U.S. 303 (1980)], 1881

Diamond v. Charles [476 U.S. 54 (1986)], 1450

DiFrancesco, United States v. [449 U.S. 117 (1980)], 783, 809

Dillon v. Gloss [256 U.S. 368 (1920)], 73, 2117

Dionisio, United States v. [410 U.S. 1 (1973)], 764, 2333

Di Re, United States v. [332 U.S. 581 (1948)], 2023

DiSanto v. Pennsylvania [273 U.S. 34 (1927)], 792, 1879

Dixon, United States v. [509 U.S. 688 (1993)], 811, 985

Dobbins v. Commissioners of Erie County [41 U.S. 435 (1842)], 442, 1384, 2867

Dodge v. Woolsey [59 U.S. (18 How.) 331 (1856)], 298, 325, 801, 2648, 2868

Doe v. Bolton [410 U.S. 179 (1973)], 816, 2020, 2204, 2205, 2206, 2207, 2284–2286, 2394. See Roe v. Wade

Doe v. Commonwealth's Attorney [403 F. Supp. 1199 (1976)], 973, 1124, 2407

Doe v. McMillan [412 U.S. 306 (1972)], 2464

Doe v. United States [487 U.S. 201 (1988)], 2240–2241

Doe v. University of Michigan [721 F. Supp. 852 (E.D. Mich. 1989)], 2926

D'Oench Duhme & Co. v. F.D.I.C. [314 U.S. 592 (1942)], 978

Doggett v. United States [505 U.S. 647 (1992)], 2467

Dolan v. City of Tigard [512 U.S. 374 (1994)], 802–803, 905, 2055, 2151, 2646

Dombrowski v. Pfister [380 U.S. 479 (1965)], 803, 1867, 1868, 2941

Donaldson v. O'Connor [422 U.S. 563 (1974)], 789

Donovan v. Dewey [452 U.S. 594 (1981)], 42, 44

Dooley v. United States [182 U.S. 222 (1901)], 1376

Doran v. Salem Inn, Inc. [422 U.S. 922 (1975)], 2156

Dorchy v. Kansas [272 U.S. 306 (1926)], 1553

Doremus, United States v. [249 U.S. 86 (1919)], 350, 804, 1274, 1779, 1790, 2658

Doremus v. Board of Education [342 U.S. 429 (1952)], 804, 1779, 2662, 2795, 2895–2896

Dorr v. United States [195 U.S. 138 (1904)], 1376

Dorsey v. Stuyvesant Town Corporation [299 N.Y. 512 (1949-1950)], 2484

Dothard v. Rawlinson [433 U.S. 321 (1977)], 406

Dougherty County Board of Education v. White [439 U.S. 32 (1978)], 2812

Douglas v. California [372 U.S. 353 (1963)], 23, 741, 817, 935, 1232, 1362, 1415, 2262, 2295, 2310, 2869, 2877

Douglas v. Seacoast Products [431 U.S. 265 (1977)], 1677

Douglass v. Pike County [101 U.S. 677 (1880)], 676

Dow Chemical Company v. United States [476 U.S. 227 (1986)], 712

Dowd Box Co. v. Courtney [369 U.S. 502 (1962)], 1554

Dowdell v. United States [221 U.S. 325 (1911)], 1376

Dowling v. United States [493 U.S. 342 (1990)], 810

Downes v. Bidwell [182 U.S. 244 (1901)], 1376, 2080, 2672

Draper v. United States [358 U.S. 307 (1959)], 818, 1368, 2330

Dred Scott v. Sandford [60 U.S. (I 9 How.) 393 (1857)], 4, 15, 146, 164, 169, 179, 183, 190, 258, 298, 314, 325, 335, 338, 364, 367, 374, 387, 402, 411, 485, 497, 566, 569, 582, 652, 658, 667, 735, 736, 743, 754, 795, 813, 818–820, 829, 884, 908, 909, 1148, 1175, 1230, 1287, 1290, 1293, 1356, 1432, 1459, 1468, 1475, 1572, 1582, 1620, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1670, 1675, 1712, 1736, 1748, 1791, 1821, 1901, 1919, 1947, 1959, 2021, 2054, 2095, 2099, 2216, 2217, 2389, 2424, 2425, 2427, 2432, 2436, 2556–2557, 2561, 2584, 2591, 2598, 2609, 2612, 2630, 2647, 2649–2650, 2653, 2655–2656, 2673, 2804, 2807, 2858, 2868

Dronenburg v. Zech [741 F. 2d 1388 (D.C. Cir. 1984)], 210, 1196, 1197

Drummond, United States v. [350 F. 2d 983 (8th Cir. 1965)], 2719

Duchess of Hamilton's Case [88 Eng. Rep. 651 (1712)], 208

Duckworth v. Arkansas [314 U.S. 390 (1941)], 1103

Duckworth v. Eagan [492 U.S. 195 (1989)], 1253, 1743, 1744, 1931, 2240

Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Environmental Study Group [438 U.S. 51 (1978)], 2278–2279, 2473, 2532, 2706

Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc. [472 U.S. 749 (1985)], 829–830, 1608, 1609, 2709–2710

Dunaway v. New York [442 U.S. 200 (1979)], 120, 2331

Duncan, In re. See Duncan v. McCall

Duncan v. Kahanamoku [327 U.S. 304 (1946)], 385, 830, 886, 1246, 1796, 1998, 2551, 2839

Duncan v. Louisiana [391 U.S. 145 (1968)], 157, 170, 435, 710, 720, 722, 830, 1269, 1288, 1356, 1434, 1510, 1515, 1517, 1700, 1709, 2037, 2039, 2040, 2041, 2138, 2573, 2724, 2856

Duncan v. McCall [139 U.S. 449 (1891)], 2210

Dunn v. Blumstein [405 U.S. 330 (1972)], 830–831, 2275, 2305

Duplex Printing Press Co. v. Deering [254 U.S. 443 (1921)], 422, 831, 1825, 1911

Duren v. Missouri [439 U.S. 357 (1979)], 1510, 2391

Dyer, West Virginia ex rel., v. Sims [341 U.S. 22 (1951)], 901

E

E. C. Knight Company, United States v. See Knight Company, E. C., United States v.

Eagle, The, v. Frazier [75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 15 (1869)], 1791

Eakin v. Raub [12 Sargeant & Rawle 330 (Pa., 1825)], 833, 1192

Earley v. DiCenso [403 U.S. 602 (1971)], 1206, 1601

Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel [524 U.S. 498 (1998)], 905, 2055, 2056, 2226

Eastern States Retail Lumber Dealers' Association v. United States [234 U.S. 600 (1914)], 214

Eastlake (City of) v. Forest City Enterprises, Inc. [426 U.S. 668 (1976)], 2536

Edelman v. California [344 U.S. 357 (1953)], 2774

Edelman v. Jordan [415 U.S. 651 (1974)], 853, 877, 878, 879, 1060, 1468, 1562, 1869, 2832

Edgar v. MITE Corp. [457 U.S. 604 (1982)], 2350, 2516, 2517

Edmond v. United States [520 U.S. 651 (1997)], 2386

Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co. [500 U.S. 614 (1991)], 1514, 1515, 1531, 1899, 2490

Edwards, United States v. [415 U.S. 800 (1974)], 2344

Edwards v. Aguillard [482 U.S. 578 (1987)], 707, 859, 924, 925, 1602, 1603, 2174, 2177, 2185, 2327, 2379

Edwards v. Arizona [451 U.S. 477 (1981)], 861, 1742–1743, 1928, 2831, 2891

Edwards v. California [314 U.S. 160 (1941)], 286, 861, 913, 1362, 1973, 2021, 2274, 2774–2775, 2878

Edwards v. Healy [412 U.S. 772 (1975)], 1196

Edwards v. South Carolina [372 U.S. 229 (1963)], 767, 1305, 2855

Edwards v. United States [286 U.S. 482 (1932)], 2785

Eichman, United States v. [496 U.S. 310 (1990)], 76, 179, 192, 238, 1063–1064, 1136, 2538

Eisenstadt v. Baird [405 U.S. 438 (1972)], 4, 182, 863, 973, 1118, 1120, 1122, 1234, 1672, 1811, 2203–2204, 2242, 2246, 2247, 2248, 2285, 2394, 2573

Eisner v. Macomber [252 U.S. 189 (1920)], 863–864, 2421

Electrical Workers Local No. 501 v. NLRB [341 U.S. 694 (1951)], 215

Electric Bond & Share Co. v. Securities and Exchange Commission [303 U.S. 419 (1938)], 2079, 2350

Elfbrandt v. Russell [384 U.S. 11 (1966)], 882, 1536, 2066

Eliason, United States v. [41 U.S. (6 Pet.) 291 (1842)], 1994

Elk v. Wilkins [112 U.S. 94 (1884)], 82, 183, 587, 1227, 1698

Elkins v. United States [364 U.S. 206 (1960)], 882, 936, 2335, 2416

Elk's Lodge #2043 v. Ingraham [422 U.S. 924 (1973)], 2741

Elledge v. Florida [525 U.S. 944 (1998)], 243

Elrod v. Burns [427 U.S. 347 (1976)], 226, 235, 268, 892, 1108, 1885, 1886, 1939, 1940, 2300

Employees v. Department of Public Health and Welfare [411 U.S. 279 (1973)], 853, 1060, 2832

Employers' Liability Cases (First) [207 U.S. 463 (1908)], 459, 893, 1756, 2780, 2899

Employers' Liability Cases (Second) [223 U.S. 1 (1912)], 893

Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith [484 U.S. 872 (1990)], 24, 82, 195, 359, 624, 658, 679, 823, 894–895, 1207, 1351, 1831, 1851, 2165–2166, 2169, 2175, 2176, 2178, 2181, 2182, 2184, 2192, 2194–2195, 2322

Emspak v. United States [349 U.S. 190 (1955)], 1305

Endo, Ex parte [323 U.S. 283 (1944)], 1247, 1415–1417, 2931

Endo v. United States [323 U.S. 282 (1944)], 129

Engel v. Vitale [370 U.S. 421 (1962)], 1, 167, 188, 855, 859, 896, 927, 2176, 2177, 2322, 2323, 2324, 2372, 2594, 2856, 2858

Engle v. Isaac [456 U.S. 107 (1982)], 1841

Enmund v. Florida [458 U.S. 782 (1982)], 302, 896, 2368, 2369, 2891

Entick v. Carrington [19 How. St. Tr. 1029 (1765)], 216, 1099, 2236, 2905

Environmental Protection Agency v. State Water Reserve Control Board [426 U.S. 200 (1976)], 901

Epperson v. Arkansas [393 U.S. 97 (1968)], 706, 855–856, 905–906, 1083, 1520, 1585, 2177, 2327, 2373

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Arabian American Oil Company [499 U.S. 244 (1991)], 960

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Wyoming [460 U.S. 226 (1983)], 59, 193, 881, 907, 1181, 2520

Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins [304 U.S. 64 (1938)], 220, 317, 466, 513, 798, 921, 977, 1103, 1390, 1439, 1468, 1493, 1496, 1869, 2556, 2593, 2629, 2648, 2764

Erznoznik v. Jacksonville [422 U.S. 205 (1975)], 922, 1195

Escobedo v. Illinois [378 U.S. 478 (1964)], 922–923, 1200, 1280, 1741, 1925, 1926, 1927–1928, 2263, 2264, 2856

Esposito, United States v. [1990 U.S. App. Lexis 12631 (3d. Cir. 1990)], 982

Estelle v. Gamble [429 U.S. 97 (1976)], 721, 730–731, 1885, 2350

Estelle v. Smith [451 U.S. 454 (1981)], 302, 929, 1742

Estelle v. Williams [425 U.S. 501 (1976)], 971

Estes v. Texas [381 U.S. 532 (1965)], 330, 929, 972, 1150, 2541

Eu v. San Francisco County Democratic Central Committee [489 U.S. 214 (1989)], 1938–1939, 2008

Euclid (Village of) v. Ambler Realty Company [272 U.S. 365 (1926)], 259, 284, 889, 929, 2151, 2311, 2510, 2626, 2646, 2944, 2946

Eustis v. Bolles [150 U.S. 361 (1893)], 2830

Evans v. Abney [396 U.S. 435 (1970)], 930–931, 2411, 2487

Evans v. Jeff D. [475 U.S. 717 (1986)], 413, 414

Evans v. Newton [382 U.S. 296 (1966)], 930, 2487, 2854

Everson v. Board of Education [330 U.S. 1 (1947)], 24, 179, 187–188, 197, 201, 349, 795, 924, 925, 927, 928, 931–932, 1102, 1206, 1355, 1704, 2157, 2171, 2187, 2302, 2370, 2373, 2706, 2795

Evitts v. Lucey [469 U.S. 387 (1985)], 935, 2045

Examining Board v. Flores de Otero [426 U.S. 572 (1976)], 66, 2081

Ex parte … See case name inverted, e.g., McCardle, Ex parte

Exxon Corporation v. Eagerton [462 U.S. 176 (1983)], 71

Exxon Corporation v. Governor of Maryland [437 U.S. 117 (1978)], 1381, 2515

Exxon Corporation v. Wisconsin Department of Revenue [447 U.S. 207 (1980)], 2523

F

Fair Assessment of Real Estate Association v. McNary [454 U.S. 100 (1981)], 447

Fairfax Devisee v. Hunter's Lessee [11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 603 (1813)], 1689, 2555

Falbo v. United States [321 U.S. 802 (1944)], 1769

Fallbrook Irrigation District v. Bradley [164 U.S. 112 (1896)], 2075

Faragher v. City of Boca Raton [524 U.S. 775 (1998)], 2400

Fare v. Michael C. [442 U.S. 707 (1979)], 1743

Faretta v. California [422 U.S. 806 (1975)], 974

Farmer v. Brennan [511 U.S. 825 (1994)], 654

Farrington v. Tokushige [273 U.S. 284 (1927)], 858

Farwell v. Boston and Worcester Railroad [4 Metc. 49 (Mass.) (1842)], 561

Fatico, United States v. [579

F. 2d 707 (. 2d Cir. 1978)], 2367

Fay v. New York [332 U.S. 261 (1947)], 35, 199, 1509, 2389

Fay v. Noia [372 U.S. 391 (1963)], 235, 238, 975, 1253, 1269, 1758, 2156, 2821, 2831

Federal Communications Commission v. League of Women Voters of California [458 U.S. 364 (1984)], 247, 2469, 2530, 2534, 2568, 2750

Federal Communications Commission v. National Right to Work Committee [459 U.S. 197 (1982)], 1933

Federal Communications Commission v. Pacifica Foundation [438 U.S. 726 (1978)], 235, 247, 248, 351, 981, 1043, 1057, 1147, 1236, 1392, 2530, 2534

Federal Election Commission v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life (MCFL) [479 U.S. 238 (1986)], 296, 691, 1237

Federal Election Commission v. National Conservative Political Action Committee [470 U.S. 480 (1985)], 296

Federal Energy Agency v. Algonquin SNG, Inc. [426 U.S. 548 (1976)], 987

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission v. Mississippi [456 U.S. 742 (1982)], 193, 901, 1181

Federal Power Commission v. Hope Natural Gas Co. [320 U.S. 591 (1944)], 970, 1023, 2437

Federal Power Commission v. Natural Gas Pipeline Company [315 U.S. 575 (1942)], 2437

Federal Radio Commission v. Nelson Brothers [289 U.S. 266 (1933)], 761, 1612

Federal Trade Commission v. Gratz [253 U.S. 421 (1920)], 1030, 1714

Federal Trade Commission v. Ruberoid Co. [343 U.S. 470 (1952)], 2384

Feiner v. New York [340 U.S. 315 (1951)], 16–17, 188, 426, 1031, 1055, 1304–1305, 2145, 2669, 2792, 2795

Feldman v. United States Oil Refining Co. [322 U.S. 487 (1944)], 719

Felker v. Turpin [518 U.S. 1051 (1996)], 1503

Ferber v. New York. See New York v. Ferber FERC v. Mississippi [456 U.S. 742 (1982)], 1637

Ferguson v. Skrupa [372 U.S. 726 (1963)], 691, 838, 839, 1034, 1050, 1175, 2510

Fernandez v. Wiener [326 U.S. 340 (1945)], 784

Ferreira, United States v. [54 U.S. (13 How.) 40 (1853)], 2384

Fiallo v. Bell [430 U.S. 787 (1977)], 1329, 1331

Fibreboard Paper Products v. NLRB [379 U.S. 203 (1964)], 1548

Field v. Clark [143 U.S. 649 (1892)], 1039

Finley v. Lvnn [10 U.S. (6 Cranch) 238 (1810)], 2704

Firefighters Local Union No. 1784 v. Stotts [467 U.S. 561 (1984)], 54, 397, 1044–1045, 1760, 1842

First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles [482 U.S. 304 (1987)], 890, 2535, 2946

First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti [435 U.S. 765 (1978)], 295, 296, 687, 688, 690, 691, 692, 1060, 1275, 1372, 2157, 2160, 2351

First National City Bank v. Banco Nacional de Cuba [406 U.S. 759 (1972)], 25

First National Maintenance Corp. v. NLRB [452 U.S. 666 (1981)], 1548

Fisher, United States v. [6 U.S. (2 Cranch) 358 (1804)], 1344, 1685

Fisher v. McGirr [1 Gray 1 (Mass. 1854)], 2935

Fisher v. United States [425 U.S. 391 (1976)], 2240, 2241, 2767

Fiske v. Kansas [274 U.S. 380 (1927)], 723–724, 2311

Fitzpatrick v. Bitzer [427 U.S. 445 (1976)], 877, 879, 880, 894, 1060, 1468, 2153, 2504

Five Gambling Devices, United States v. [346 U.S. 441 (1953)], 1410

Five Knights Case (Darnel's Case) 3 How. St.Tr. 1 (English) (1628)], 1186

Flag Salute Cases [310 U.S. (1940); 319 U.S. 624 (1943)], 814, 1064–1066, 2549–2550

Flagg Brothers, Inc. v. Brooks [436 U.S. 149 (1978)], 445, 1064, 1411, 2030, 2489, 2492

Flast v. Cohen [392 U.S. 83 (1968)], 495, 876, 1066–1067, 1465, 2475, 2659, 2662, 2777–2778

Flemming v. Nestor [363 U.S. 603 (1960)], 2445, 2902

Fletcher v. Peck [10 U.S. (6 Cranch) 87 (1810)], 30, 344, 667, 673, 674–675, 744, 745, 802, 1067–1068, 1175, 1260, 1287, 1673, 1682, 1685, 1904, 2554, 2570, 2648, 2653, 2664, 2676, 2781, 2783, 2862

Fletcher v. Weir [455 U.S. 603 (1982)], 1927

Flint v. Stone Tracy Co. [220 U.S. 107 (1911)], 2421

Florida v. Bostick [501 U.S. 429 (1991)], 1097

Florida v. Riley [488 U.S. 445 (1989)], 712, 1093, 2141, 2337

Florida v. Royer [460 U.S. 491 (1983)], 2333, 2338

Florida Avocado Growers v. Paul [372 U.S. 132 (1963)], 2511

Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc. [515 U.S. 618 (1995)], 1068

Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank, U.S. [527 U.S. 627 (1999)], 625, 880, 992, 1845

Florida Star v. B.J.F. [491 U.S. 524 (1989)], 1145

Foley v. Connelie [435 U.S. 291 (1978)], 66, 72, 1068, 2583

Follett v. Town of McCormick [321 U.S. 573 (1944)], 1427, 2191

Fong Haw Tan v. Phelan [333 U.S. 6 (1948)], 1331

Fong Yue Ting v. United States [149 U.S. 698 (1893)], 128, 130, 771, 1167, 1227, 1330

Food Lion, Inc. v. American Broadcasting Co. (ABC) [194 F. 3d 505 (4th Cir. 1999)], 1069, 1438

Ford v. Wainwright [477 U.S. 399 (1986)], 1070–1071, 1720

Fordice, United States v. [505 U.S. 717 (1992)], 58

Ford Motor Company v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission [454 U.S. 1030 (1981)], 194, 1842

Forsyth County, Georgia v. Nationalist Movement [505 U.S. 123 (1992)], 195, 1082

Fort Gratiot Sanitary Landfill, Inc. v. Michigan Department of Natural Resources [504 U.S. 353 (1992)], 2864

Fortnightly Corp. v. United Artists Television, Inc. [392 U.S. 390 (1968)], 2449

Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana [489 U.S. 46 (1989)], 1153 44 Liquormart, Inc v. Rhode Island [517 U.S. 484 (1996)], 464, 1135, 1830, 2170

Foster v. Illinois [332 U.S. 134 (1947)], 2261

Foster v. Nielson [27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 253 (1829)], 1612, 1950, 2722

Foster and Elam v. Neilson (1829), 1080

Foster-Fountain Packing Co. v. Haydel [278 U.S. 1 (1928)], 2514

$405,089.23, United States v. [518 U.S. 267 (1996)], 811

Fox v. Washington [236 U.S. 273 (1915)], 1299

Frady, United States v. [456 U.S. 152 (1982)], 1253

Frances and Eliza v. Coates [21 U.S. 398 (1823)], 832

Francis v. Resweber [331 U.S. 786 (1947)], 815

Frank v. Mangum [237 U.S. 309 (1915)], 1100–1101, 1310, 1758, 1911, 2638

Frank v. Maryland [359 U.S. 360 (1959)], 42, 43, 2767

Franklin v. Massachusetts [505 U.S. 788 (1992)], 326

Franks v. Delaware [438 U.S. 154 (1978)], 2345

Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security [489 U.S. 829 (1989)], 1105, 2192, 2380

Frazier v. Cupp [94 U.S. 731 (1969)], 2690

Freedman v. Maryland [380 U.S. 51 (1965)], 1105–1106

Freeman v. Hewitt [329 U.S. 249 (1949)], 1148, 2522

Fremont v. United States [17 How. 542 (1855)], 2653

Freund v. United States [260 U.S. 60 (1938)], 1077

Freytag v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue [501 U.S. 868 (1991)], 2386

Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services [120 S.Ct. 693 (2000)], 905

Fries, John, United States v. [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 515 (1800)], 1902

Frisbie v. United States [157 U.S. 160 (1895)], 241

Frisby v. Schultz [487 U.S. 474 (1988)], 1156

Frohwerk v. United States [249 U.S. 204 (1919)], 709, 923, 1156, 1299, 2580, 2901

Frontiero v. Richardson [411 U.S. 677 (1973)], 229, 232, 238, 508, 704, 1156–1157, 1185, 1196, 2155, 2390, 2391, 2393, 2921

Frost & Frost Trucking Co. v. Railroad Commission [271 U.S. 583 (1926)], 2626, 2748

Frothingham v. Mellon [262 U.S. 447 (1923)], 1066, 1157, 1464, 1795, 1797, 2468, 2481, 2626, 2659, 2661–2662

Fry v. United States [421 U.S. 542 (1975)], 1011, 1012, 1776, 2154, 2155

Fuentes v. Shevin [407 U.S. 67 (1972)], 2053

Fullilove v. Klutznick [449 U.S. 448 (1980)], 53, 54, 55, 56, 391, 397, 623, 794, 1172, 1530, 1587, 1588, 2105, 2106, 2108, 2109, 2110, 2111, 2153, 2160, 2230, 2231, 2530, 2536, 2538, 2597, 2599, 2765, 2887, 2890

Furman v. Georgia [408 U.S. 238 (1972)], 236, 274, 300–301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 309–310, 310, 720, 721, 732, 1288, 2319, 2368, 2443, 2888, 2891

G

Gaffney v. Cummings [412 U.S. 735 (1973)], 1188, 2134

Gagnon v. Scarpelli [411 U.S. 778 (1973)], 2263

Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market [366 U.S. 617 (1961)], 2191, 2584

Gambino v. United States [275 U.S. 310 (1927)], 2416

Gannett Co., Inc. v. DePasquale [443 U.S. 368 (1979)], 1151, 1180–1181, 1214, 1979, 2010, 2077, 2231, 2232

García v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority [469 U.S. 528 (1985)], 59, 190, 191, 193, 276, 362, 623–624, 684, 806, 903, 907, 967, 990, 991, 995, 1012, 1089, 1181–1182, 1211, 1229, 1292, 1477, 1549, 1637, 1776–1777, 1803, 1822, 1841, 1844, 1845, 2155, 2169, 2481, 2503, 2520, 2587, 2668

Gardner v. Florida [430 U.S. 349 (1977)], 302

Garland, Ex parte [71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 333 (1867)], 257, 318, 339, 1030, 1182

Garner v. Florida [430 U.S. 349 (1977)], 2367

Garrett v. United States [471 U.S. 773 (1985)], 982–983

Garrison v. Louisiana [379 U.S. 64 (1964)], 1047, 1805, 2353

Garrity v. New Jersey [385 U.S. 493 (1967)], 1183, 2238

Gaston County v. United States [395 U.S. 285 (1969)], 2102

Gault, In re [387 U.S. 1 (1967)], 352, 492, 1083, 1183–1184, 1269, 1523, 1524, 1709, 1718, 2265

Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District [524 U.S. 274 (1998)], 2400

Geduldig v. Aiello [417 U.S. 484 (1974)], 1032, 2394, 2397, 2399

Geer v. Connecticut [161 U.S. 519 (1896)], 1212

Gelbard v. United States [408 U.S. 41 (1972)], 1184

Gelpcke v. Dubuque [68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 175 (1864)], 341, 676, 1733, 2628

Gelston v. Hoyt [16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 246 (1818)], 1685

General Building Constructors Association, Inc. v. Pennsylvania [16 U.S. 375 (1982)], 403, 2221

General Dynamics Corp., United States v. [410 U.S. 979 (1973)], 2542

General Electric Co. v. Gilbert [429 U.S. 125 (1976)], 406, 2394, 2395

Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada [501 U.S. 1030 (1991)], 1152

Georgia v. McCollum [505 U.S. 42 (1992)], 195, 1899, 2088, 2490

Georgia v. Rachel [384 U.S. 780 (1966)], 414, 2227

Georgia v. Stanton [73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 50 (1868)], 335, 339, 1745–1746, 1950, 2471

Georgia Railroad & Banking Co. v. Smith [128 U.S. 174 (1889)], 1163

Gerende v. Board of Supervisors of Elections [341 U.S. 56 (1951)], 1187, 2794

Gerstein v. Pugh [420 U.S. 103 (1975)], 121, 716, 1369, 2024, 2332

Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. [418 U.S. 323 (1974)], 271, 829, 830, 1189, 1236, 1608, 1671, 1822, 1976, 1978, 1979, 2014, 2709, 2887, 2890, 2893

Gettysburg Electric Railway Co., United States v. [160 U.S. 668 (1896)], 889

Gibbons v. Ogden [22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 1 (1824)], 454–455, 456, 459, 660, 675, 693, 743, 832, 835, 844, 845, 861, 1011, 1189–1192, 1266, 1396, 1425, 1534, 1540, 1611–1612, 1636, 1674, 1683, 1686, 1690, 1707, 1768–1769, 1776, 1778, 1896, 1988, 2115, 2274, 2506, 2512, 2555, 2560–2561, 2565, 2586–2587, 2593, 2611, 2652–2653, 2697, 2839, 2858, 2871, 2883, 2885, 2903, 2908, 2913

Gibbs v. United Mine Workers of America [383 U.S. 715 (1966)], 1891

Giboney v. Empire Storage & Ice Co. [336 U.S. 490 (1949)], 188, 1192, 1907, 2795

Gibson v. Florida Legislative Investigation Committee [372 U.S. 539 (1963)], 155, 187, 1192–1193, 1200, 1595–1596, 2243

Gideon v. Wainwright [372 U.S. 335 (1963)], 23, 170, 186, 720, 817, 971, 1083, 1193–1194, 1200, 1369, 1462, 1869, 1981, 2043, 2261–2262, 2263, 2609, 2796, 2856, 2877

Gilbert v. California [388 U.S. 263 (1967)], 1627

Gilbert v. Minnesota [254 U.S. 325 (1920)], 595

Gilchrist v. Collector [10 F. Cas. 355 (C.C.D. S.C. 1808) (No. 5, 420)], 885

Giles v. Teasley [193 U.S. 146 (1904)], 1041

Gillette v. United States [401 U.S. 437 (1971)], 506, 666, 1677, 2188

Gillock, United States v. [445 U.S. 360 (1979)], 2464

Ginsberg v. New York [390 U.S. 629 (1968)], 351, 353, 1083, 1194–1195

Ginzburg v. United States [383 U.S. 463 (1966)], 1270

Girouard v. United States [328 U.S. 61 (1946)], 1198, 2326

Gitlow v. New York [268 U.S. 652 (1925)], 146, 179, 284, 426, 1050, 1126, 1128, 1198–1199, 1285, 1296, 1300, 1352, 1354, 1787, 1959, 2186, 2310, 2311, 2318, 2319, 2580, 2640, 2901–2902

Given, United States v. [25 F. Cas. 1324 (C.C.D.D. 1873) (No. 15, 210)], 360, 361

Gladstone Realtors v. Village of Bellwood [436 U.S. 956 (1979)], 1854

Glass v. The Sloop Betsy [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 6 (1794)], 1418, 2603

Glickman v. Wileman Brothers and Elliott Inc. [521 U.S. 457 (1997)], 476

Glidden v. Zdanok [370 U.S. 530 (1962)], 419, 696, 1019, 1590

Globe Newspaper Company v. Superior Court [457 U.S. 596 (1982)], 1152, 1199, 1214, 2529

Glona v. American Guarantee & Liability Insurance Co. [391 U.S. 73 (1968)], 1325–1326, 1605–1606

Go Bart v. United States [282 U.S. 344 (1931)], 2344

Godcharles v. Wigeman [113 Pa.St. 431 (Penna. 1886)], 1735–1736

Godfrey v. Georgia [446 U.S. 420 (1980)], 302, 1199

Goesaert v. Cleary [335 U.S. 464 (1948)], 1199, 2392, 2398, 2921

Gold Clause Cases (1935), 211, 734, 1201–1202, 1311, 1488

Goldberg v. Kelly [397 U.S. 254 (1970)], 119, 184, 231, 233–234, 237, 492, 816, 897, 966, 1200–1201, 1362, 1678, 1697–1698, 1887–1888, 1973, 1974, 2026, 2033–2034, 2252, 2445, 2468, 2873, 2874, 2876, 2880

Golden v. Prince [10 F. Cas. 1542 (C.C.D. Pa. 1814) (No. 5, 509)], 2859

Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar [421 U.S. 773 (1975)], 1202

Goldman v. United States [3l6 U.S. 129 (1942)], 711, 873, 1850, 2416

Goldman v. Weinberger [475 U.S. 503 (1986)], 895, 1202, 1822, 2192, 2380

Goldstein v. California [412 U.S. 546 (1973)], 685

Goldwater v. Carter [444 U.S. 996 (1979)], 320, 616, 1075, 1203, 1993, 2360, 2533, 2722

Gomillion v. Lightfoot [364 U.S. 339 (1960)], 362, 1042, 1187, 1203, 1585, 1586, 1637, 2202

Gompers v. Buck's Stove & Range Company [221 U.S. 418 (1911)], 1203–1204, 1559

Gong Lum v. Rice [275 U.S. 78 (1927)], 129, 388, 1204, 2282, 2642

Goodell v. Jackson [20 Johns. 693 (N.Y. 1823)], 1535

Gooding v. Wilson [405 U.S. 518 (1972)], 234, 1042

Goodman v. Lukens Steel Co. [482 U.S. 656 (1987)], 1844

Goss v. Board of Education [373 U.S. 683 (1963)], 2854

Goss v. Lopez [419 U.S. 565 (1975)], 201, 856, 966, 1205, 1975, 2027

Gouled v. United States [255 U.S. 298 (1921)], 1722, 2339, 2340, 2345, 2767, 2833

Grace v. United States [461 U.S. 171 (1983)], 1218

Grady v. Corbin [495 U.S. 508 (1990)], 809, 810, 811, 982, 983, 985, 2112

Graham v. Collins [506 U.S. 461 (1993)], 2696

Graham v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue [490 U.S. 680 (1989)], 2380, 2468

Graham v. John Deere Co. of Kansas City [383 U.S. 1 (1966)], 1881, 1882

Graham v. Richardson [403 U.S. 365 (1971)], 66, 190, 194, 1218–1219, 1331, 1333, 2583, 2873

Grand Rapids School District v. Ball [473 U.S. 373 (1985)], 63, 1603, 1604, 2375, 2378

Granger Cases (1877), 217, 240, 321, 931, 1037, 1164, 1224–1225, 1397, 2817, 2822–2823, 2829

Gravel v. United States [408 U.S. 606 (1972)], 1226, 1323, 2359, 2464

Graver Tank & Manufacturing Co. v. Linde Air Products Co. [340 U.S. 845 (1950)], 1882

Graves v. New York ex rel. O'Keefe [306 U.S. 466 (1939)], 340, 442, 1226, 1384, 1869, 2544

Gray v. Davis [10 F. Cas. 1006 (C. C. W. D. Tx. 1871)], 360

Gray v. Sanders [372 U.S. 368 (1963)], 1227–1228, 1533, 2132–2133, 2810

Gray v. United States [21 Ct.Cl. 340 (1884)], 2505

Great American Federal Savings & Loan Association v. Novotny [442 U.S. 366 (1979)], 894

Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. v. Cottrell [424 U.S. 366 (1976)], 1228, 2514

Great Northern Railway Co. v. Sunburst Oil & Refining Co. [287 U.S. 580 (1932)], 2224

Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Association v. United States [527 U.S. 173 (1999)], 464

Green v. Biddle [8 Wheaton 1 (1823)], 423, 438, 1228, 1686, 2859

Green v. County School Board of New Kent [391 U.S. 430 (1968)], 229, 232, 237, 397, 772–773, 859, 1229, 2854

Green v. Georgia [442 U.S. 95 (1979)], 302, 934

Green v. Oklahoma [428 U.S. 907 (1976)], 310–312

Green v. United States [356 U.S. 165 (1957)], 720, 807

Greene v. McElroy [360 U.S. 474 (1959)], 421, 946, 1650

Greenholtz v. Inmates of Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex [442 U.S. 1 (1979)], 897, 2367

Greenough v. Greenough [11 Penn. State 489 (1849)], 833

Greenwood v. Peacock [384 U.S. 808 (1966)], 414–415, 2227

Greer v. Spock [424 U.S. 828 (1976)], 117, 2069

Gregg v. Georgia [428 U.S. 153 (1976)], 239, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 308, 310–312, 732, 1703, 2368, 2443

Gregoire v. Biddle [339 U.S. 949 (1949)], 943

Gregory v. Ashcroft [501 U.S. 452 (1991)], 624, 991, 1229, 2503

Gregory v. Chicago [394 U.S. 111 (1969)], 188, 2855

Griffin v. Breckenridge [403 U.S. 88 (1971)], 96, 227, 423, 709, 1230–1231, 1241, 1293, 2274, 2487

Griffin v. California [380 U.S. 609 (1965)], 33, 815, 1231, 1665, 2039, 2238, 2458, 2850, 2856

Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County [377 U.S. 218 (1964)], 772, 1231, 1374, 1375, 1585, 1757, 2738

Griffin v. Illinois [351 U.S. 12 (1956)], 23, 377, 741, 817, 1231–1232, 1362, 1750–1751, 2262, 2310, 2869, 2874, 2877

Griffin v. Wisconsin [483 U.S. 868 (1987)], 2337

Griffiths, In re [413 U.S. 717 (1973)], 66, 1987, 2582–2583

Griggs v. Duke Power Co. [401 U.S. 924 (1971)], 96, 99, 100, 396, 406, 408, 1232, 2102, 2107, 2392, 2890

Grimaud, United States v. [220 U.S. 506 (1911)], 1232, 1558

Griswold v. Connecticut [381 U.S. 479 (1965)], 4, 182, 187, 210, 211, 239, 274, 315, 316, 317, 381, 508, 667, 816, 839, 863, 973, 1108, 1118, 1120, 1122, 1175, 1233–1234, 1269, 1289, 1393, 1461–1462, 1480, 1586, 1639, 1671, 1724, 1810, 1812, 1813, 1896, 2052, 2203, 2204, 2242, 2243, 2246, 2247, 2248, 2284, 2285, 2326, 2328, 2394, 2448, 2528, 2573, 2577, 2594, 2795, 2857, 2888, 2892, 2893, 2921

Grosjean v. American Press Co., Inc. [297 U.S. 233 (1936)], 315, 1138–1139, 1234, 1317, 2626

Grossman, Ex parte [267 U.S. 87 (1925)], 1235

Grosso v. United States [390 U.S. 62 (1968)], 1670

Grove City College v. Bell [465 U.S. 555 (1984)], 98, 2568

Groves v. Slaughter [40 U.S. (15 Pet.) 449 (1841)], 156, 1238, 1712, 2649, 2652, 2654, 2698, 2885

Grovey v. Townsend [295 U.S. 45 (1935)], 1238, 1818, 2282, 2436, 2437, 2809

Guardians Association v. Civil Service Commission [463 U.S. 582 (1983)], 1563

Guest, United States v. [383 U.S. 745 (1966)], 423, 709, 733, 1089, 1239–1241, 1679, 2275, 2491, 2694, 2878

Guinn v. United States [238 U.S. 347 (1915)], 909, 1041, 1219, 1242, 1629, 2808

Gully v. First National Bank [299 U.S. 109 (1936)], 1027

Gutknecht v. United States [396 U.S. 295 (1970)], 2448

Guy W. Capps, Inc., United States v. (4th Circuit, 1953), 941

H

Haggar Co. v. Helvering [308 U.S. 389 (1940)], 1860

Hague v. Congress of Industrial Organizations [307 U.S. 496 (1939)], 921, 1107, 1256, 1317, 1549, 1796, 2021, 2067, 2349, 2594

Haig v. Agee [453 U.S. 280 (1981)], 959, 1077, 1141, 1256–1257, 2146, 2574

Hale v. Henkel [201 U.S. 43 (1906)], 2139, 2745

Haley v. Ohio [332 U.S. 596 (1948)], 1522

Hall, United States v. [23 F. Cas. 79 (C.C. Ala. 1871) (No. 15, 282)], 360, 361, 2923

Hall v. DeCuir [95 U.S. 485 (1877)], 204, 217, 430, 1257, 1645, 1761, 2282, 2564

Halper, United States v. [490 U.S. 435 (1989)], 810, 811, 985

Halter v. Nebraska [205 U.S. 34 (1907)], 1061

Ham v. McClaws [1 Bay 93 (S.C. 1789)], 1287

Ham v. South Carolina [409 U.S. 524 (1973)], 2803

Hamilton v. Alabama [368 U.S. 52 (1961)], 2263

Hamilton v. Board of Regents of the University of California [292 U.S. 245 (1934)], 1261

Hamilton v. McClaughry [136 F. 445 (1905)], 2505

Hamm v. City of Rock Hill [379 U.S. 306 (1964)], 2420, 2486

Hammer v. Dagenhart [247 U.S. 251 (1918)], 151–152, 349, 421, 456, 458, 459, 743, 744, 749, 804, 827, 846, 861, 1001, 1011, 1261–1262, 1290, 1528, 1547, 1585, 1709, 1777–1778, 1830, 2049, 2635, 2638, 2658, 2668, 2676–2677, 2895, 2899, 2900

Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong [426 U.S. 88 (1976)], 1262, 1332, 1586–1587, 2529, 2530, 2536

Hampton v. United States [425 U.S. 484 (1976)], 899

Hampton, J. W., & Co. v. United States [276 U.S. 394 (1928)], 760, 1262

Hancock v. Train [426 U.S. 167 (1976)], 901

Hanna v. Plummer [380 U.S. 460 (1963)], 1029

Hanover National Bank v. Moyses [186 U.S. 181 (1902)], 160–161

Hans v. Louisiana [134 U.S. 1 (1890)], 877, 878, 879, 995, 1217, 2504

Hansberry v. Lee [311 U.S. 32 (1940)], 422

Harisiades v. Shaughnessy [342 U.S. 580 (1952)], 771

Harlow v. Fitzgerald [457 U.S. 800 (1982)], 944, 1336, 1819, 1977, 2708, 2922

Harmelin v. Michigan [501 U.S. 957 (1991)], 316, 732, 984

Harmon v. Taylor [273 U.S. 668 (1927)], 2219

Harmon v. Thornburgh [878 F. 2d 484 (D.C. Cir. 1989)], 822

Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections [383 U.S. 663 (1966)], 312, 377, 608, 631, 815–816, 866, 1175, 1269, 1271–1272, 1288, 1362, 1401, 1542, 1679, 1961, 2713–2714, 2741, 2857, 2874, 2879

Harper & Row, Publishers v. Nation Enterprises [471 U.S. 539 (1985)], 1377

Harriman v. Interstate Commerce Commission [211 U.S. 407 (1908)], 749

Harris, United States v. [106 U.S. 629 (1883)], 95–96, 403, 709, 1024, 1038, 1070, 1088, 1230, 1240, 1272, 1698, 1733, 2331, 2823, 2827, 2924

Harris v. Alabama [513 U.S. 504 (1995)], 1254

Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc. [510 U.S. 17 (1993)], 1136, 2400

Harris v. McRae [448 U.S. 297 (1980)], 6, 7, 1272–1273, 1324, 1885, 2097, 2205–2206, 2394, 2542, 2764, 2872

Harris v. New York [401 U.S. 222 (1971)], 938, 1273, 1743, 1744, 1927

Harris v. Rosario [446 U.S. 651 (1980)], 2080, 2081

Harris v. United States [331 U.S. 145 (1947)], 2344, 2766

Harrison v. United States [392 U.S. 219 (1968)], 1158

Harriss, United States v. [347 U.S. 612 (1954)], 1636

Harte-Hanks Communications v. Connaughton [491 U.S. 657 (1989)], 1609

Hartford Fire Insurance v. California [509 U.S. 764 (1993)], 960

Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection & Insurance Co. v. Harrison [301 U.S. 459 (1937)], 840

Hartzel v. United States [332 U.S. 680 (1944)], 923

Haupt v. United States [330 U.S. 631 (1947)], 1279, 2718, 2931

Havens Realty Corporation v. Coleman [455 U.S. 363 (1982)], 2221, 2475

Haver v. Yaker [76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 32 (1869)], 2359

Hawaii v. Mankichi [190 U.S. 197 (1903)], 1376

Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff [467 U.S. 229 (1984)], 1279

Hawke v. Smith [253 U.S. 221 (1920)], 73, 862, 1950, 2118

Hayburn's Case [2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 409 (1792)], 1279–1280, 1418, 1464, 1902, 2384, 2601

Haynes v. United States [390 U.S. 85 (1968)], 1670

Haynes v. Washington [373 U.S. 503 (1963), 1280

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier [484 U.S. 260 (1988)], 351, 381, 860, 1134, 1281, 2069, 2167, 2441

Hazen Paper Co. v. Biggins [507 U.S. 604 (1993)], 60

Head v. Amoskeag Manufacturing Company [113 U.S. 9 (1884)], 1227

Head Money Cases [112 U.S. 580 (1884)], 1329

Healy v. James [408 U.S. 169 (1972)], 855, 1108

Healy v. The Beer Institute, Inc. [491 U.S. 324 (1989)], 2517

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States [379 U.S. 241 (1964)], 390, 405, 420, 459, 913, 1026, 1240, 1282–1283, 2016, 2420, 2486, 2694, 2854

Heath v. Alabama [474 U.S. 82 (1985)], 810–811, 1283

Heck v. Humphrey [512 U.S. 477 (1994)], 654

Heckler v. Chaney [470 U.S. 821 (1985)], 1218

Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. [452 U.S. 640 (1981)], 235, 1283, 2189–2190

Heller v. Doe [509 U.S. 312 (1993)], 428, 2170

Helling v. McKinney [509 U.S. 25 (1993)], 2695

Helstoski, United States v. [442 U.S. 477 (1979)], 2464

Helvering v. Bruun [309 U.S. 461 (1940)], 2421

Helvering v. Davis [301 U.S. 619 (1937)], 314, 1283–1284, 2445, 2481, 2541, 2659, 2660–2661

Helvering v. Gerhardt [304 U.S. 405 (1938)], 2544

Helvering v. Griffiths [318 U.S. 371 (1943)], 2421

Henderson v. New York [92 U.S. 259 (1876)], 1328

Henderson v. United States [314 U.S. 625 (1950)], 280

Henneford v. Silas Mason Co. [300 U.S. 577 (1937)], 314

Hennington v. Georgia [163 U.S. 299 (1896)], 2584

Henry, United States v. [447 U.S. 264 (1980)], 2264

Henry v. United States [361 U.S. 98 (1959)], 1929, 2024

Hensley, United States v. [469 U.S. 221 (1985)], 2553

Hepburn v. Ellzey [6 U.S. (2 Cranch) 445 (1805)], 796

Hepburn v. Griswold [75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 603 (1870)], 335–336, 340, 430, 697, 736, 746, 1175, 1230, 1354, 1572, 1581, 1582, 1732, 1752–1753, 1791, 2563, 2913–2914

Herb v. Pitcairn [321 U.S. 759 (1945)], 722

Herbert v. Lando [441 U.S. 153 (1979)], 1141, 1285, 2200, 2890, 2892

Hernandez v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue [490 U.S. 680 (1989)], 2380

Hernandez v. Texas [347 U.S. 475 (1954)], 1509

Herndon v. Lowry [301 U.S. 242 (1937)], 284, 354, 426, 1285–1286, 1296, 1353, 1955, 2281–2282, 2780

Hewitt v. Helms [459 U.S. 460 (1983)], 2013, 2532

Hicklin v. Orbeck [437 U.S. 518 (1978)], 157, 1212, 1286, 2020

Hicks v. Miranda [422 U.S. 332 (1975)], 18

Hills v. Gautreaux [425 U.S. 284 (1976)], 1289, 2221

Hinderlider v. La Plata River & Cherry Creek Ditch Co. [304 U.S. 92 (1938)], 977, 1398

Hines v. Davidowitz [312 U.S. 52 (1941)], 1077, 1289–1290, 1593, 1989, 2930

Hipolite Egg Company v. United States [220 U.S. 45 (1911)], 330, 1290, 1294, 2084, 2899, 2900

Hirabayashi v. United States [320 U.S. 81 (1943)], 129, 131–132, 1415–1417, 2841, 2930

Hishon v. King & Spalding [467 U.S. 69 (1984)], 1844

Hitchcock v. Aicken [1 Caines 460; 3 Johns. Cas. 2d ed. 595 New York (1803)], 1635

Hitchman Coal & Coke Co. v. Mitchell [245 U.S. 229 (1917)], 219, 421, 1292, 1547, 1825, 1911, 2896, 2939

H. J. Inc. v. Northwestern Bell Telephone Co. [492 U.S. 229 (1989)], 983, 2111

H. L. v. Matheson [450 U.S. 398 (1981)], 353, 1916

Ho Ah Kow v. Nunan [12 F. Cas. 252 (C.C. Ca. 1879) (No. 6, 546)], 130, 360, 1038

Hobbie v. Unemployment Appeals Commissioner of Florida [480 U.S. 136 (1987)], 2192, 2380

Hobson v. Hansen [265 F. Supp. 902 (D.C.D.C. 1967)], 790

Hodel v. Indiana [452 U.S. 314 (1981)], 1779

Hodel v. Irving [481 U.S. 704 (1987)], 2946

Hodel v. Virginia Surface Mining & Reclamation Association [452 U.S. 264 (1981)], 459, 901, 907, 1182, 1292, 1345, 1779

Hodges v. Easton [106 U.S. 408 (1882)], 2830

Hodges v. United States [203 U.S. 1 (1906)], 1167, 1168, 1292–1293, 1890, 2087, 2693

Hodgson and Thompson v. Bowerbank [9 U.S. (5 Cranch) 303 (1809)], 65, 1293–1294, 1465, 2752

Hodgson v. Minnesota [497 U.S. 417 (1990)], 1845, 2122, 2248

Hoffa v. United States [385 U.S. 293 (1966)], 873, 1294, 1850, 1914, 2896

Hoffman Estates v. Flipside [455 U.S. 489 (1982)], 2776

Hoke v. United States [227 U.S. 308 (1913)], 330, 749, 1290, 1294, 1652, 1666, 1790, 2899, 2900

Holden v. Hardy [169 U.S. 366 (1898)], 26, 241, 252, 583, 845, 1115, 1162, 1294, 1699, 1764, 2571–2572, 2572

Holder v. Hall [512 U.S. 874 (1994)], 2811

Holland v. Illinois. See Batson v. Kentucky

Hollingsworth v. Virginia [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 378 (1798)], 73

Holmes v. Jennison [39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 540 (1840)], 156, 258, 1712

Holmes v. Walton [9 N.J. Law 444 (1780)], 541, 1298

Holt v. Sarver [309 F. Supp. 362 (1969)], 1374

Holtzman v. Schlesinger [361 F. Supp. 553 (E. D. N.Y. 1973)], 2790

Home Building & Loan Association v. Blaisdell [290 U.S. 398 (1934)], 70, 252, 628, 631, 677, 1300–1301, 1311, 1350, 1634, 1645, 1789, 1836, 2218, 2226, 2281, 2784

Honda Motor Company v. Oberg [512 U.S. 415 (1994)], 2082–2083

Hood & Sons, H. P., v. DuMond [336 U.S. 525 (1949)], 835, 1103, 1410, 2514

Hooper v. Bernalillo County Assessor [472 U.S. 612 (1985)], 2277

Hooven & Allison Co. v. Evatt [325 U.S. 892 (1945)], 1864

Hopwood v. Texas [78 F. 3d 932 (5th Cir. 1996)], 57, 1304

Horton v. California [496 U.S. 128 (1990)], 1914

Hosmer v. United States [76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 432 (1872)], 2324

Houchins v. KQED, Inc. [438 U.S. 1 (1978)], 1144, 1215, 1979, 2271, 2328

Houston v. Moore [18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 1 (1820)], 2555

Houston, East & West Texas Railway Co. v. United States [234 U.S. 342 (1914)], 862, 1308, 1310, 1312, 1396, 1652, 1740, 1778, 1912, 2415, 2560, 2780, 2820, 2899

Hoxie, United States v. [26 F. Cas. 397 (C.C. Ver. 1808) (No. 15, 407)], 885

Hoyt v. Florida [368 U.S. 57 (1961)], 274, 1509, 2389–2390, 2663, 2921

Huckle v. Money [95 E.R. 768 (1763)], 1099, 2905

Hudgens v. National Labor Relations Board [424 U.S. 507 (1976)], 369, 1308, 1672, 1677, 2060, 2415, 2487

Hudnut v. American Booksellers Association [475 U.S. 1001 (1986)], 2398

Hudson v. Palmer [468 U.S. 517 (1984)], 205, 1093, 2011

Hudson v. United States [522 U.S. 93 (1997)], 811, 985, 2401

Hudson and Goodwin, United States v. [11 U.S. (7 Cranch) 32 (1812)], 337, 980, 981, 1425, 1433

Hudson County Water Co. v. McCarter [209 U.S. 349 (1908)], 1565

Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp. [426 U.S. 794 (1976)], 1212

Hughes v. Oklahoma [441 U.S. 322 (1979)], 1212, 2158, 2514

Hughes v. Superior Court [339 U.S. 460 (1950)], 1550

Humphrey's Executor v. United States [295 U.S. 602 (1935)], 111, 599–600, 1318–1319, 1772, 1847, 2149, 2384, 2626, 2636

Hunt v. McNair [413 U.S. 734 (1973)], 2375

Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Commission [432 U.S. 333 (1977)], 806, 1381, 2515

Hunter v. City of Pittsburgh [207 U.S. 161 (1907)], 362, 1637

Hunter v. Erickson [393 U.S. 385 (1969)], 785, 787, 1320, 1415, 1503, 1637, 2220, 2487

Hunter v. Underwood [471 U.S. 222 (1985)], 915, 2106

Huntington Branch National Association for the Advancement of Colored People v. Town of Huntington [844 F. 2d 926 (. 2d Cir. 1988)], 2221, 2947

Hurd v. Hodge [334 U.S. 24 (1948)], 403, 1307, 2223, 2410–2411

Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston [515 U.S. 557 (1995)], 1320

Huron Portland Cement Company v. Detroit [362 U.S. 440 (1960)], 1320

Hurtado v. California [110 U.S. 516 (1884)], 710, 1267, 1321–1322, 1354, 1361, 1510–1511, 1698, 1700, 1874, 2036, 2569, 2744, 2829

Hustler Magazine and Larry Flynt v. Jerry Falwell [485 U.S. 46 (1988)], 436, 1133, 1146, 1322, 2710

Hutcheson, United States v. [312 U.S. 219 (1941)], 107, 1545

Hutchinson v. Proxmire [443 U.S. 111 (1979)], 501, 1323–1324, 2359, 2464

Hutto v. Davis [454 U.S. 370 (1982)], 729, 732, 822

Hutto v. Finney [437 U.S. 678 (1978)], 730, 731

Hylton v. United States [3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 171 (1796)], 337, 784, 1260, 1324, 1404, 1883, 1959, 1960, 2602, 2603, 2611

I

ICC. See Interstate Commerce Commission

Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe [521 U.S. 261 (1997)], 2504

Idaho v. Wright [497 U.S. 805 (1990)], 492

Illinois v. Gates [462 U.S. 213 (1983)], 64, 1327, 1368, 2024, 2331, 2345, 2469

Illinois v. Krull [480 U.S. 340 (1987)], 2338

Illinois v. Lafayette [462 U.S. 640 (1983)], 2344

Illinois v. Perkins [496 U.S. 292 (1990)], 1327

Illinois v. Rodriguez [497 U.S. 177 (1990)], 1327–1328, 2690

Illinois Central Railroad Company v. Interstate Commerce Commission [206 U.