Contents
Foreword ............................................................................ viii
How to use this book ........................................................ x
Advisory board ................................................................... xiii
Contributing writers.......................................................... xv
Contributing illustrators.................................................... xvii
Volume 2: Protostomes
What is a protostome? ...................................................... 3
Evolution and systematics ................................................. 7
Reproduction, development, and life history ................... 15
Ecology............................................................................... 25
Symbiosis............................................................................ 31
Behavior.............................................................................. 35
Protostomes and humans .................................................. 41
Phylum ANNELIDA
Class POLYCHAETA................................................ 45
Class MYZOSTOMIDA............................................ 59
Class OLIGOCHAETA............................................. 65
Class HIRUDINIDA.................................................. 75
Class POGONOPHORA........................................... 85
Phylum VESTIMENTIFERA.......................................... 91
Phylum SIPUNCULA ...................................................... 97
Phylum ECHIURA ........................................................... 103
Phylum ONYCHOPHORA ............................................. 109
Phylum TARDIGRADA................................................... 115
Phylum ARTHROPODA
Subphylum CRUSTACEA
Class REMIPEDIA..................................................... 125
Class CEPHALOCARIDA ........................................ 131
Class BRANCHIOPODA
Order ANOSTRACA................................................. 135
Order NOTOSTRACA ............................................. 141
Order CONCHOSTRACA....................................... 147
Order CLADOCERA................................................. 153
Class MALACOSTRACA
Subclass PHYLLOCARIDA ...................................... 161
Subclass EUMALACOSTRACA
Order STOMATOPODA.......................................... 167
Order BATHYNELLACEA...................................... 177
Order ANASPIDACEA.............................................. 181
Order EUPHAUSIACEA .......................................... 185
Order AMPHIONIDACEA....................................... 195
Order DECAPODA ................................................... 197
Order MYSIDA .......................................................... 215
Order LOPHOGASTRIDA ...................................... 225
Order CUMACEA ..................................................... 229
Order TANAIDACEA ............................................... 235
Order SPELAEOGRIPHACEA................................ 243
Order THERMOSBAENACEA ............................... 245
Order ISOPODA........................................................ 249
Order AMPHIPODA................................................. 261
Class MAXILLOPODA
Subclass THECOSTRACA ....................................... 273
Subclass TANTULOCARIDA.................................. 283
Subclass BRANCHIURA........................................... 289
Subclass MYSTACOCARIDA................................... 295
Subclass COPEPODA................................................ 299
Subclass OSTRACODA............................................. 311
Class PENTASTOMIDA ................................................. 317
Subphylum CHELICERIFORMES
Class PYCNOGONIDA............................................ 321
Class CHELICERATA
Subclass MEROSTOMATA...................................... 327
Subclass ARACHNIDA.............................................. 333
Subphylum UNIRAMIA
Class MYRIAPODA
Subclass CHILOPODA ............................................. 353
Subclass DIPLOPODA.............................................. 363
Subclass SYMPHYLA ................................................ 371
Subclass PAUROPODA............................................. 375
Phylum MOLLUSCA
Class APLACOPHORA............................................. 379
Class MONOPLACOPHORA.................................. 387
Class POLYPLACOPHORA..................................... 393
Class GASTROPODA
Subclass OPISTHOBRANCHIA .............................. 403
Subclass PULMONATA............................................ 411
Order PATELLOGASTROPODA.................... 423
Superorder VETIGASTROPODA ........................... 429
Order COCCULINIFORMIA........................... 435
Order NERITOPSINA....................................... 439
Order CAENOGASTROPODA........................ 445
Class BIVALVIA................................................................ 451
Class SCAPHOPODA ...................................................... 469
Class CEPHALOPODA ................................................... 475
Phylum PHORONIDA..................................................... 491
Phylum ECTOPROCTA
Class PHYLACTOLAEMATA................................. 497
Class STENOLAEMATA ......................................... 503
Class GYMNOLAEMATA........................................ 509
Phylum BRACHIOPODA
Class INARTICULATA............................................ 515
Class ARTICULATA................................................. 521
For further reading............................................................ 529
Organizations ..................................................................... 534
Contributors to the first edition ....................................... 535
Glossary.............................................................................. 542
Protostomes order list ....................................................... 548
Geologic time scale............................................................ 550
Index ................................................................................... 551
