Contents
Foreword........................................... vii
How to use this book................................ x
Advisory boards ..................................... xii
Contributing writers................................. xiv
Contributing illustrators ............................. xvi
Volume 3: Insects
What is an insect?................................... 3
Evolution and systematics............................ 7
Structure and function............................... 17
Life history and reproduction ........................ 32
Ecology ............................................ 42
Distribution and biogeography ....................... 53
Behavior............................................ 60
Social insects ....................................... 68
Insects and humans.................................. 75
Conservation ....................................... 85
Order PROTURA
Proturans........................................... 93
Order COLLEMBOLA
Springtails .......................................... 99
Order DIPLURA
Diplurans........................................... 107
Order MICROCORYPHIA
Bristletails .......................................... 113
Order THYSANURA
Silverfish and fire brats .............................. 119
Order EPHEMEROPTERA
Mayflies ............................................ 125
Order ODONATA
Dragonflies and damselflies .......................... 133
Order PLECOPTERA
Stoneflies........................................... 141
Order BLATTODEA
Cockroaches ........................................ 147
Order ISOPTERA
Termites ........................................... 161
Order MANTODEA
Mantids ............................................ 177
Order GRYLLOBLATTODEA
Rock-crawlers....................................... 189
Order DERMAPTERA
Earwigs ............................................ 195
Order ORTHOPTERA
Grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids .................. 201
Order MANTOPHASMATODEA
Heel-walkers or gladiators ........................... 217
Order PHASMIDA
Stick and leaf insects ................................ 221
Order EMBIOPTERA
Webspinners........................................ 233
Order ZORAPTERA
Zorapterans......................................... 239
Order PSOCOPTERA
Book lice ........................................... 243
Order PHTHIRAPTERA
Chewing and sucking lice ............................ 249
Order HEMIPTERA
True bugs, cicadas, leafhoppers, aphids, mealy bugs, and scale insects ......................... 259
Order THYSANOPTERA
Thrips ............................................. 281
Order MEGALOPTERA
Dobsonflies, fishflies, and alderflies ................... 289
Order RAPHIDIOPTERA
Snakeflies........................................... 297
Order NEUROPTERA
Lacewings .......................................... 305
Order COLEOPTERA
Beetles and weevils .................................. 315
Order STREPSIPTERA
Strepsipterans....................................... 335
Order MECOPTERA
Scorpion flies and hanging flies ...................... 341
Order SIPHONAPTERA
Fleas ............................................... 347
Order DIPTERA
Mosquitoes, midges, and flies ........................ 357
Order TRICHOPTERA
Caddisflies.......................................... 375
Order LEPIDOPTERA
Butterflies, skippers, and moths ...................... 383
Order HYMENOPTERA
Sawflies, ants, bees, and wasps........................ 405
For further reading.................................. 427
Organizations....................................... 432
Contributors to the first edition ...................... 434
Glossary............................................ 441
Insects family list.................................... 445
Geologic time scale ................................. 452
Index............................................... 453
