Chapter 1: Voltaire begins his
picaresque tale by introducing the characters who live in the castle of Westphalia, a province in western
Germany. Candide, which means optimism, is the first character introduced, and Voltaire explains
that he is the Baron's nephew. Though Candide has respectable parents, he is a bastard by birth,
yet still seems to be a part of the noble palace family. He is said to be honest, simple-hearted
and gentle. Other members
of the palace include the Baron of Thunder-Ten-Tronckh, the head of the castle, and his overweight wife,
the Baroness. Together, the two have Cunégonde, a gorgeous seventeen-year-old princess, a son,
and the esteemed palace tutor, Pangloss, who teaches that everything is for the best and that man lives
in the "best of all possible worlds."
It seems Dr. Pangloss is quite versed in "experimental physics," for one day Cunégonde spies the tutor
"giving a lesson" to her mother's "attractive and obedient" maidservant in the bushes. This inspires
Cunégonde to yearn to practice this art with Candide. When the two young lovers do engage in this
kind of science, however, they are caught in the act, and Candide is expelled from the castle permanently.
Chapter 2: In the second chapter,
Candide finds himself "ejected from the earthly paradise" to which he had grown accustomed. Drifting
to a neighboring village, and now very cold and hungry, he stumbles across two recruiting officers of
Frederick the Great standing outside a tavern. The two men seem enamored by Candide's height of
five feet, five inches, and offer to buy him a meal. Trusting their kindness, Candide is reminded
of Pangloss' philosophy, that all is for the best; he thinks that perhaps being exiled from the castle
(and from his love, Cunégonde), may ultimately lead him to a better end after all.
Soon, however, these newfound "friends" bind Candide
with chains, and force him into the army, where he is beaten daily. At one point, Candide is at
the point of being killed (smashed in the head, as he requested in order to end his own misery) when
the King of the Bulgars passes and grants his pardon.
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